ATP and NADH

ATP

ATP

• ATP is the shorthand for Adenosine TriPhosphate. ATP is formed from ADP.
• ADP is the shorthand for Adenosine DriPhosphate. 
• ADP is a low energy molecule.

ADP is composed of:

1. a base called adenine

2. a sugar with 5 carbon atoms called ribose

3. 2 phosphate groups.

• In order for the molecule to become an energy carrier used by cells it must receive another phosphate group. It then becomes ATP.

ATP

• ATP is molecule is high in energy and, therefore, used in life’s organisms to carry on their life’s functions.
  

ATP is composed of:

1. a base called adenine

2. a sugar with 5 carbon atoms called ribose

3. 3 phosphate groups.

• These molecules are held together by high energy bonds.
• This process of a phosphate group being added to ADP to become ATP is called photophosphoylation.
• ATP is used by cells for energy. When the energy is used it again become ADP.

NADPH

NADPH

• NADPH is shorthand for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate. NADPH is a high energy molecule.
  
• NADH+ is the same molecule as NADPH but is a low energy molecule, In order to become NADPH it must gain 1 Hydrogen atoms (proton) and 2 electrons.
  
• When a substance gains electrons it is said to be reduced. Therefore, NADP+ is reduced to become NADPH.
• The NADPH is used in cells for energy. When the NADPH releases its energy it becomes NADP again.