4.5 Muscles 1HVTTO

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

4.5 muscles

• Jacket in your locker
• Put your things on your desk

       Laptop/Book

       Notebook, pencil case

• Bag on the floor
  
• Read pages 104-107

Lessongoals

• Remember: I can name the three types of muscle tissue (voluntary/skeletal, involuntary/smooth, cardiac) and give one place in the body where each type is found.
• Understand: I can describe the main differences between voluntary, involuntary and cardiac muscle (control, speed, tiredness, cell shape/nuclei) in a simple comparison table.
• Apply: I can use the example of biceps and triceps to explain step by step how an antagonistic muscle pair moves the elbow joint when I lift and lower my schoolbag.
• Analyse: I can compare fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscle fibres by naming at least two differences and link each fibre type to a sportsperson (for example a sprinter and a marathon runner) in one or two sentences.

Homework 4.5

Asgmt 39-50

Skip 45

What bone connection(s) doesn't allow any movement?

1. Only fused
2. Fused and sutures
3. Sutures and cartilage
4. All of these 3 types can move

Ulna and radius (the bones between elbow and wrist) form a ... joint.

1. ball-and-socket
2. pivot
3. hinge

What connection is found between your vertebrae?

1. fused
2. sutures
3. cartilage
4. synovial joint

What are fontanelles?

1. The bendable bones of a baby
2. The bendable bones in a baby's skull
3. The holes in between the skull bones of a baby
4. A special type of fountain

What connection is found between your skullbones?

1. fused
2. sutures
3. cartilage
4. synovial joint

What connection is found in your knee?

1. fused
2. sutures
3. cartilage
4. synovial joint

What is the name of the big bone you sit on?
(1 word)

Alphabet: Think-Pair-Share

• Think: Work on the assignment on your own.
• Write all the letters of the alphabet in your notebook in 3 rows
• Use each letter to write the name of a muscle or body part that's moved by a muscle

• Pair: Discuss and compare with your neighbour, improve your answer
• Share: Talk about given answers during plenary session.

Attachment site

Tendons are connected to a bone, this part of the bone is called an attachment site

Tendon

Tendons connect a muscle to a bone. Tendons are unable to contract.

They are a tough type of connetive tissue

Muscle

Muscles contract: This makes them shorter and thicker.

Or relax: This makes them longer and thinner

Most muscles contain a lot of cells that have multiple nuclei in them

Antagonistic pairs

Muscles can only pull, not push.

Often, muscles work together when moving bones.

Muscle 1 contracts, 2 relaxes

Muscle 2 contracts, 1 relaxes

These muscles are an:

 antagonistic pair

Voluntary and involuntary movements

Skeletal muscles 

• Move voluntarily (when you want them to)
• Strong, but tires quickly
• Legs, arms, neck, back, etc.

Smooth muscles

• Move involuntarily (on their own, without you controlling it) 
• Not as strong, but doesn't tire 
• In organs: esophagus, skin, stomach, etc.

Cardiac muscles 

• move involuntarily
• Strong, never tires
• in your heart

skeletal muscle contains cells that have multiple nuclei.

It is structured in neat striped rows

smooth muscle contains cells that have a nucleus. (like most cells)

It has many thin elongated (spindle-shaped) cells together

cardiac muscle contains cells that have a nucleus. (like most cells)

It's structure is a mix of skeletal and smooth muscle

What you should do: 4.5

• TB: Pages 104-107
• WB: Asgmt 39-50 (45)
• Lt: Asgmt 1-12 (7)

Done with the above?

• Work on the next chapter(s)
• Learn for the test 
• Make other homework
• Read a book

Zs = Working in Silence

• No asking questions
• Silent, don't disturb anyone
  
• Stay at your  desk

What you should do: 4.5

• TB: Pages 104-107
• WB: Asgmt 39-50 (45)
• Lt: Asgmt 1-12 (7)

Done with the above?

• Work on the next chapter(s)
• Learn for the test 
• Make other homework
• Read a book

Zw = Working with whispering

• Teacher is available for questions
• Only whisper with the student next to you
• Stay at your  desk

Tidy Duty

3 people each lesson

• Desks: empty and straight
• Chairs:  underneath the desks OR end of day: on the desks
• Floor: no rubbish