2.1 The first Civilisation

AGE 2. The Time of Greeks and Romans
2.1 The first civilisations

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AGE 2. The Time of Greeks and Romans
2.1 The first civilisations

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

AGE 2: the Time of Greeks and Romans
3000 BC - 500 AD
Typical Aspects:




-citizenship and scientific thought in the Greek city-states
-the spread of the Greek-Roman culture
-clash between the Romans and Germanic tribes
-rise and spread of Christianity in the Roman Empire




Antiquity




Slide 2 - Tekstslide

What is this lesson about?
The first farmers settled around rivers in the Middle East. Because of the fertile ground around the rivers, the farmers were able to get an agricultural surplus. This abundance of food allowed people to specialise in other jobs: like traders, craftsmen or priests. Villages in Sumer and Egypt grew to become cities with a highly developed level of culture.


Slide 3 - Tekstslide

What you can explain /  do after this lesson
  • how Egypt and Sumer could develop around rivers
  • how an agricultural surplus could lead to a highly developed civilisation
  • explain what an agricultural-urban society is and how it developed
  • give the characteristics of the first civilisations and explain them

Slide 4 - Tekstslide

Word Duty





Mesopotamia: fertile area in the Middle East; Greek for ‘land between two rivers’
Irrigation: artificial way to spread water across farmland to make it fertile
Agricultural surplus: when farmers produce more food than they can eat
Specialise: when someone becomes very good at one thing
Craftsman: someone who makes products with his hands and tools
Bartering: exchange goods or services directly for other goods or services
Markets: places where people come to barter their products
Agricultural-urban society: society in which the majority of people live as farmers, while the minority live in cities
Culture: things people think and do, such as religion, traditions, art, clothes and language
Civilisation: highly developed society
Pharaoh: the king of ancient Egypt

Link to WRTS wordlist for all the other difficult words: WRTS HISTORY










KEY WORDS

Slide 5 - Tekstslide

TIMELINE of this CHAPTER

Slide 6 - Tekstslide

Teacher's Tip:
If you need to write DIFFERENCES in your answer it is important that you ALWAYS mention BOTH things that you are comparing.
For example: What is the difference between a fish and a bird?
WRONG ANSWER: "a bird has feathers"
CORRECT ANSWER: " a bird has feathers and a fish has scales"
Got it? Now use this to answer question 1.

Slide 7 - Tekstslide

1. In chapter 1 you learned about hunters and farmers.
Write down three differences between the lives of
hunter-gatherers and farmers.

Slide 8 - Open vraag

2. Read "The land between two rivers" . Describe the landscape of ancient Mesopotamia. Use the following words in your answer:

desert, Euphrates, Tigris, cities.


Slide 9 - Open vraag

3. Explain why the ancient Greeks named this area Mesopotamia.

Copy the sentence from "The land between two rivers".



Slide 10 - Open vraag

4. Drag the texts to the correct pictures.

Because of heavy rainfall, the water level in the river rises. This causes it to overflow and cover the land.


When the water level drops, the river leaves silt. The farmers use this to make their land fertile. They store some of the water in pools.



The river is at a low point.
There is not enough fertile soil for crops to grow.


Slide 11 - Sleepvraag

5. Read "Floods caused by the gods". Think up a true reason to explain why the rivers overflowed.
Think about where the rivers come from and how they get their water.

Slide 12 - Open vraag

6. Drag the following events in chronological order, from first to last.

Because of this agricultural surplus some people could 
specialise.
Some farmers learned that they could dig small canals to make more land fertile.
The craftsmen and farmers traded their wares at markets for food.
Some of these craftsmen started to live in cities; this is how agricultural-urban societies arose.
Because of irrigation and floods, farmers grew more food than they could eat.
These people became craftsmen when they specialised in making products with their hands.
The river overflowed and left fertile silt. Farmers grew their crops there.

Slide 13 - Sleepvraag

Teacher's Tip:
If a question asks you to "use the source" it is important that you do that. 
If the source is a picture, you can describe what you SEE. You can start your answer with: 
"In the source I see......", or: "The source shows...."

If the source is a text, you can copy a passage from that text. You can start your answer with:
"The source says:......."
Got it? Now use this to answer question 7.

Slide 14 - Tekstslide

7. Study source 2.8 in "An abundance of food".
Explain the connection between the key-words ‘specialise’ and ‘craftsman’. Use the source to explain your answer.

Slide 15 - Open vraag

8. Read "Sumer and Egypt: the first civilisations".


a. Which five aspects of a culture can you find in the text?






Slide 16 - Open vraag

8b. Give two examples of Dutch culture.






Slide 17 - Open vraag

only in Sumer
only in Egypt
in both
9. Read: "Sumer and Egypt: the first civilisations"
pharaoh
highly developed civilisation
 ruled by a king
Euphrates and Tigris
every city had a king
arose around river(s)

Slide 18 - Sleepvraag

Write down one question about something from this lesson that you find difficult.

Slide 19 - Open vraag

congratulations

Slide 20 - Tekstslide