VT11-21-1-2021

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Goodmorning VT11

Subject= Persian wars

When= 490BCE-479BCE

(5th century before common era).

Who= Wars between the Persian armies and the armies of the Greek city-states. 

Why= The Persian wars almost distroyed Greek civilization.

How were a Greek foot soldiers called?

1. Athenians
2. Companions
3. Hoplites
4. Spartans

Hoplites (Greek)

Companions (Greek)

Persian Empire

Darius I

Persian infantry (foot soldiers)

Immortals (elite infantry)

Who rebelled against Persian rule first?

1. Ionian cities
2. Athens
3. Sparta
4. Corinth

Athens and Eretria send armies to help Ionian cities.

Milete was distroyed by Darius I

490 BCE- Revenge time for Darius I

Eretria distroyed

After six days of clashes, two eminent Eretrians opened the gates for the Persians.

Once inside the city, the Persians plundered it, burning temples and sanctuaries in revenge for the Ionan Revolt.

Those citizens who were captured were enslaved, as Darius had ordered.

Darius ordered his armies to also distroy Athens (490 BCE)

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What sport event was based on this battle?

How did the first Persian war end?

Darius's son Xerxes takes over

Xerxes starts second Persian war (480 BCE)

Ca. 400.000 Persians invade Greece from the north.  

(2.6 million according to Herodotus).

Why would Herodotus exaggerate the number of Persian soldiers?

First Battle at Thermopylae (The hot gates of Greece)

7.000 Greeks (mostly Spartans) against 200.000 Persian.

The Greeks stood their grounds for three days against the Persian army.

Effect= Athens is burned down

First Persian war

Second Persian war

Darius I

Ionian Revolt

Thermopylae

Eretria burned

Athens burned

Marathon

Xerxes I

30.000 Persians

400.000 Persians

Battle of Salamis 

At Salamis (island south of Athens) the Persian fleet is distroyed by the Athenian fleet). 

Battle of Platea

The Spartan infantry distroys the Perians army.

End of the Persian wars 479 BCE

Effects: 

-Persian fleet was distroyed.

-Persian never invaded Greece again.

-Greek civilization was saved.

-Greek cities lost their common enemy.

What could happen after the Greeks lose their common enemy?

A new enemy from the north...

How do you feel about this lesson?

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