"The development in which all kinds of places on earth are becoming increasingly connected."
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History of Globalisation
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Stage I: voyages of discovery
Stage II: Industrial colonisation
Stage III: decolonisation
Stage IV:
Free market economy
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History of globalisation
Colonialism =
countries conquer other areas, because of economic goals
Imperialism =
countries conquer other areas, because of political and cultural goals (government system, religion, values, language)
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How do we measure wealth? #2
You can also look at the distribution of workforce (= beroepsbevolking) across economic sectors
Workforce comprises <b>people ages 15 and older who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period</b>. It includes people who are currently employed and people who are unemployed but seeking work as well as first-time job-seekers.
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#1: Primary sector
The <b>primary sector</b> includes <b>all professions in which people get something from nature</b>. Most people in the primary sector are <b>farmers</b>. They use the soil and plants to produce food. But the <div>primary sector is <b>more than just agriculture</b>. We also include <b>fishermen </b>and <b>hunters</b>. There are also <b>companies that extract coal, oil, natural gas or ores from the ground</b>. There are many companies in the Netherlands that extract sand, clay and gravel from rivers. We also count them as part of the primary sector.</div>
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#2: Secundary sector
In the <b>secondary sector</b>, people and companies <b>process the products from the primary sector</b>. This mainly includes all <b>factories</b>, whether they make frozen pizzas or agricultural machinery. That's why it's called <div>secondary sector also called <b>industry</b>. People who make things outside factories also belong to the secondary sector. Think, for example, of bakers, construction workers and furniture makers.</div>
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#3: Tertiairy sector
All people who <b>provide a service</b> belong to the third or <b>tertiary sector</b>. Those are <b>people who don't make something you can hold</b>. In the Netherlands, by far the most people work in this sector. <div>This includes teachers, doctors, lawyers, truck drivers, advertisers, shop assistants, IT specialists, and so on.</div>
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There is more in life than wealth
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Measuring Human Development
Basic necessities
Food, housing, healthcare, education
Human Development Indicators
Infant mortality rate
Literacy rate
Physician density
Life expectancy
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www.statista.com
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Core
Semi-periphery
Periphery
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Core
The economy is mainly based on services (tertiary sector);
There is a lot of (technological) knowledge and capital available;
Focused on the profitable sides of the production chain, for example design and marketing;
High average income.
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Semi-periphery
The economy is strongly focused on industrial activity (secondary sector), but there is often a growing service sector as well;
Benefits from the extension of the production chain. The manufacturing industry is located here;
There is often strong economic growth and the average income is rising (for example in the BRICS countries). This also leads to growing inequality.
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Periphery
The economy is highly dependent on the primary sector (agriculture, fishing, mining);
Mainly supplies raw materials and (cheap) labour;
economically lagging behind the rest of the world.
Lesduur is: 80 min
