Havo 5_week 38 _grammar_past simple vs past perfect_irregular verbs_speaking

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vmbo lwoo, havo
• Leerjaar 4

Today's class

Review exercises H + I on page 19 of blue Grammar booklet - Past Perfect

New Grammar - The Future (slide 21 - 

Lamb to the Slaughter questions 

Next week: bring grammar booklet

Speaking activity II

WATCH a video on Boyan Slat & TAKE NOTES!

Talk in pairs about Boyan Slat and his initiative to clean up the ocean: what does he do, why, how.

Use words such as:

pollution of the ocean

plastic waste

microplastics

saving the species in the ocean

future generations

Irregular verbs - online practice

Of Course online - PRE-TEST grammar - Exercise 1

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/irregular-verbs

(sometimes 2 verbs are given: use the one before the comma)

Past Simple 

Regular = verb + ED

Irregular = 2nd form

Question = did + verb/1st form (Did you ring you last night?)

Negative sentence = didn't + verb/1st form (He didn't ring me)

Use: for actions that are finished, in the past

• When = important AND mentioned
• Action is finished

Signal words:

when, then, ago, last week/night/year etc.

in 2019, during the Middle Ages etc.

Past Perfect

Had+ 3rd form (participle)

Question = had + 3rd form (Had you ever eaten snails before you met him?)

Negative = No, I hadn't

Use: to talk about an earlier event in the past

• An action took place before another action in the past

Signal words:

before, after

Speaking activity I

Work in pairs and ask each other the following questions:

1) Where are you from & are you studying at the moment? (I attend high school at CSG Liudger, the  school of higher general secondary education 

2) What kind of work would you like to do in the future? (e.g. I would like to become entrepreneur, teacher, business man/woman, politician etc.)

3) What do you like best about the area where you're currently living? (What I enjoy most about living in ....)

4) How good are you at organizing your free time/spare time? (Well, actually I am fairly good/not so good ... I spend a lot of time..)

5) What do you enjoy about studying English?

Speaking activity III

Speaking activity IV

Describe the two types of holidays in the pictures 

to each other

Which type of holiday would you prefer?

How would each type of holiday affect the country?

Benefits/disadvantages

 (e.g. generates money, littering, appreciation of wildlife etc.)

Word order - adverbs

One verb in sentence -> BEFORE VERB (He always picks on me!)

Two verbs in sentence -> AFTER FIRST VERB (He can never do you any harm!)

Form of "To be" in sentence -> AFTER form of "to be" (He is actually in love with you! ;-)

Questions -> AFTER subject (Why do you always make fun of me?)

Adverbs/Adjectives -> BEFORE other adverbs (bijwoord) and before the adjective (bijvoegelijk nmw)

Word order - longer/emphasis adverbs

• After the verb or at the end of the sentence

You need to look carefully!

JLO asked specifically for Ben!

• At the beginning of the sentence (more emphasis) 

Usually we don't listen to our teacher.

Present  Simple 

he/she/it -> verb + S;

 I/you/we/they -> verb

Question = does + verb 1st form/infinitive (he, she, it); 

do + verb first form/infinitive (I, you, we, they)

Negative sentence = don't + verb; doesn't + verb

Use: 

• General facts (NOT right now or duration) (She loves poetry)
• Things that happen repeatedly (Each Tuesday we swim in the lake)
• Time conjunctions (Before he leaves, he will call you)

Signal words:

always, sometimes, often, frequently

Time conjunctions: 

before, after, until etc.

Present Continuous

he/she/it -> is + verb + ing

I -> am + verb + ing

we/they/you -> are + verb + ing

Question= is/am/are + personal pronoun + verb + ing 

(Are you calling him?)

Negative = isn't/am not/aren't  + verb + ing

Use:

• Happening right now (and for a certain limited period)
• Is happening in the near future (in your agenda)
• Irritation

Signal words:

always (irritation); right now, look, listen, at the moment, currently, at present

next week/this afternoon/tonight = near future

Present  Simple 

Verbs relating to senses or feelings are called static verbs as they describe a state of being. These verbs are only used in the present simple:

hear

see

smell

taste

feel

like

love

hate

seem

appear

understand

etc.

Irregular verbs

Example: 

To forget / forgot / forgotten

1e vorm = To forget = Infinitive (hele ww)

2e vorm = Forgot = Past Simple 

3e vorm = Forgotten = Past Participle (voltooid deelwoord)  

(e.g. has never forgotten/ had forgotten)

Asking questions

who/whose (=wiens, van wie)/ which/when/why/how = interrogative pronouns

which = choice between a limited number (often 2)

what -> what time is it? = hoe laat is het?

Asking questions in the present simple, past simple, present perfect:

• Present Simple (I, you, we, they) -> Do + 1st form/hele ww 
• Present Simple (he, she, it = shit rule) -> Does + 1st form/hele ww 
• Past Simple (all personal pronouns) -> Did + 1st form /hele ww
• Present perfect (he, she, it) -> Has + 3rd form
• Present perfect (I, you, we, they) -> Have + 3rd form 
• Past perfect (all pronouns) -> Had + 3rd form

Making sentences negative

Making sentences negative in the present simple, past simple, present perfect:

One verb in the sentence:

• Present simple (I, you, we, they) -> don't + hele ww 
• Present simple (he/she/it = shit rule) -> doesn't + hele ww
• Past simple (all personal pronouns = I, you, he, she etc.) -> didn't + hele ww

Two verbs in the sentence:

• Hasn't/hadn't/won't/can't/couldn't etc. + hele ww

Past Simple 

Regular = verb + ED

Irregular = 2nd form

Question = did + verb/1st form (Did you ring you last night?)

Negative sentence = didn't + verb/1st form (He didn't ring me)

Use: for actions that are finished, in the past

• When = important AND mentioned
• Action is finished

Signal words:

when, then, ago, last week/night/year etc.

in 2019, during the Middle Ages etc.

Present Perfect

has/have + 3rd form (participle)

has = he/she/it; have = I/you/we/they

Question = has/have + 3rd form (Have you ever eaten snails?)

Negative = hasn't/haven't + 3rd form (I have never eaten them.)

Use: to talk about result, experience, how long sth. has been going on (not finished), recent actions

• When = NOT important 
• Focus is on result/experience
• Action started in the past AND 

is still going on / OR has only just finished

Signal words:

never, ever, always, so far, since, for, just,

yet, up to now, recently, 

https:

www.ego4u.com

Future tense

1) Will= intention, at the moment of speaking

2) Will = after a wish, promise, offer, assumption, prediction + future facts, weather forecast

3) Present Continuous = arrangements in the future (in your agenda!)

4) Be + going to = intentions/plans

5) Be + going to = prediction based on evidence

6) Simple present = timetables, programmes (school, bus, shops, museum etc.); future time clauses (when, until, as soon as)

Questions I/we (suggestions) = Shall ....

Will 

Gebruikt voor:

1. Feiten in de toekomst
2. Spontane beslissingen/aanbieding hulp etc. aan iemand (op het moment van spreken bedacht)
3. Meningen/persoonlijke opvattingen (vaak met think, promise, believe etc.)
4. Voorspellingen die niet gebaseerd zijn op bewijs (I think Ajax will win the World Championship.)
5. Verzoeken (Will you help me with that?)
6. Suggesties (Shall we go to the movies? -> shall voor I/we)

Will (addition)

For questions with I/we -> Shall I/shall we....(go to the cinema?)

Future facts

Weather forecasts

Going to 

Gebruikt voor:

• Plannen voor de toekomst (je bent van plan om iets te doen)
• Voorspellingen op basis van bewijs (Look at him standing at the edge of the cliff! He is going to fall over!)

Present Simple (Future)

Gebruikt voor:

Schema's

Roosters

Openings-/Sluitingstijden

Vertrek-/Aankomsttijden

School starts at 9 am tomorrow.

Present Continuous

Gebruikt voor:

• Dingen dit op dit moment gebeuren
• Irritatie
• Voorspellingen gebaseerd op bewijs
• Afspraken die in je agenda kunnen staan (je weet zeker dat je dit gaat doen)