CH3 sec. 3.1.2 Steam power

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Memo hm 2 TTO

CH3 The age of citizens and steam engines

The industrial revolution

3.1.2 Steam power and industrial cities

Industrial Revolution

1750-1850

A major turning point in world history

Learning objectives

Learning objectives 3.1.2

5) I can name five economic consequences of industrialization.

6) I can name four consequences of the industrial revolution that are not economic.

7) I can describe how and when the industrialization of the Netherlands started.

Causes of industrialisation

Around 1750 England was an enormous empire with many colonies.

• Improvements in farming led to higher yields. Surplus of food led to population growth.
• Population growth because mortality dropped and because there was more food available.
• Natural resources: Large supplies of coal and iron ore (England) and cotton (colonies)

Economic consequences of industrialisation

• The mining and metal industry became very important (coal for steam engines and iron ore for steel)
  
• Cottage industry and small workshops disappeared

• Farmers were no longer self-employed on their farm,
  

but worked as laborers at fixed times for wages in factories.

• Machines could produce more in the same time  

(mass production). As a result many products became cheaper.

• Having money became more important than owning land.
• Capitalism: economic system in which there are as few rules as possible in the economy, so that businessmen and factory owners can make as much profit as possible from producing goods.

1750

Non-economic consequences of industrialisation

• Urbanisation: Many people moved from the 

countryside to work in the mines and factories. 
Growth of existing cities and new cities emerge.

• Factory workers: a new group emerged in 

society. People who worked in factories.

• The landscape changed: factories appeared

 near coal mines. Infrastructure: there were
railways and canals constructed.

• Environmental pollution: Increased use

coal led to air pollution. Start of global warming.

Industrialisation of the Netherlands

King William I wanted to revive the Dutch economy.

• canals
  
• roads
• railways
  

1839 first steam train Haarlem-Amsterdam.

In the Netherlands, industrialization only started in the second half of the 19th century. Then factories, steam engines and better infrastructure appeared on a large scale.

Industrialisation of the Netherlands

Number of factories grew from 1860. Started in Twente. Two causes:

• Lots of cottage industry
  
• Many people lived there who wanted to work in the factories for a low wage.
  

New canals and railways were constructed transport raw materials and products.

The first coal mines in South Limburg opened around 1900.

What was not a cause for the industrial revolution to start in England?

1. Cottage industry: farmers needed more machines.
2. Natural resources: large supplies of coal, iron ore and cotton
3. Improvements in farming: surplus of food led to population growth.
4. Population growth: mortality dropped and more food available.

What wasn't an economic consequence of the Industrial Revolution?

1. Cottage industry and small workshops disappeared
2. Mining and metal industry became very important
3. Farmers were no longer self-employed
4. Environmental pollution

What wasn't an economic consequence of the Industrial Revolution?

1. urbanisation: many people left the coutnryside and moved to the city.
2. having money became more important than owning land.
3. capitalism: economic system in which there are as few rules as possible in the economy
4. many products became cheaper because of mass production

What are non-economic consequences of the Industrial Revolution?

1. capitalism, changing landscape, new group: workers, urbanisation
2. capitalism, mass production, environmental pollution, new group: workers
3. changing landscape, environmental pollution, new group: workers, urbanisation
4. changing landscape, environmental pollution, mass production, urbanisation

Learning objectives

Learning objectives 3.1.2

5) I can name five economic consequences of industrialization.

6) I can name four consequences of the industrial revolution that are not economic.

7) I can describe how and when the industrialization of the Netherlands started.

Learning objectives 3.2.1

1) I can describe the working and living conditions of workers.

2) I can describe the working and living conditions of the wealthy citizens.

You know the terms and dates of this section.

Get to work

What? See whiteboard.

How? Alone 

Help? Ask neighbour. Can't figure it out? Ask teacher. 

Time? Until the end of the lesson. 

Done? Learn terms and dates. Ask teacher.