Genotype & Fenotype

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 2

Welcome!

Today's lesson:

Introduction

Heredity and evolution

Discussing phenotype and genotype (paragraph 5.1)

Making exercises paragraph 5.1

How was your holiday?

Try to come up with a ''newspaper headline'' describing your holiday. Headlines such as: 

"Local student survives 14 days of rain in Scotland"

"Family road trip ends with 27 games of Uno"

"Teen discovers sleeping is actually a valid holiday activity"

Write them on a piece of paper without your name on it and hand them out to me.

What are we going to learn today?

Today we will be learning:

How the genetic material in a cell is build up. 

What a genotype and phenotype is. 

What the difference is between these two is. 

Cell -> DNA

A human body cell has a nucleus where the genetic material is stored. This genetic material is organized through 46 strings, called chromosomes. These chromosomes consist of DNA. All this genetic material is called you genotype.

Fertilization and cell division

Sex cells (sperm and egg cells) have 23 chromosomes. During fertilization these two will merge together so an new body cell of 46 chromosomes is made. Then a cell divides and creates new body cells (embryo). 

How your genotype is determined

Amount of chromosomes in other species

Your phenotype

Your appearance is called your phenotype. This is partly determined by your genotype, but not entirely. You can dye your hair, put on make up or undergo plastic surgery. This changes your phenotype, but not your genotype. 

Your phenotype changes

Time to work!

Start with the exercises of paragraph 5.1, which includes exercise 5. This will be homework for the next lesson. You can skip exercise 9 though.

Has the genotype of phenotype changed?

Someone got skin cancer for lying in the sun for too long. Has the genotype or phenotype changed?

A pollen (sex cell) of a tree has 64 chromosomes. How many chromosomes do the body cells have?

What changes throughout your life?

1. Phenotype
2. Genotype