4.4 Consequences of climate change

4.4 Consequences of climate change
After studying this section, you will be able to:
  • Describe the physical consequences of climate change and some of the impacts these have;
  • Explain why the impacts of climate change vary between LEDCs and MEDCs.
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Slide 1: Tekstslide
AardrijkskundeMiddelbare schoolhavo, vwoLeerjaar 3

In deze les zitten 18 slides, met tekstslides en 2 videos.

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4.4 Consequences of climate change
After studying this section, you will be able to:
  • Describe the physical consequences of climate change and some of the impacts these have;
  • Explain why the impacts of climate change vary between LEDCs and MEDCs.

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

Learning objectives
After studying this section, you will be able to:
  • Describe the physical consequences of climate change and some of the impacts these have;
  • Explain why the impacts of climate change vary between LEDCs and MEDCs.

Slide 2 - Tekstslide

Physical changes and impacts
Changes to the planet due to climate change can be divided into 2 groups:
  1. Direct consequences, which are the physical changes, such as changing temperatures and the amount and timing of precipitation.
  2. Indirect consequences, which are the impact of these physical changes on natural and human systems.

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

Figure 4.22 shows the best (left) and worst-case predictions for temperature changes until 2100 (IPCC, 2014). Conclusion: The changes are distributed unequally around the globe.

Slide 4 - Tekstslide

Some (wet) regions get (even) wetter...
... other (dry) regions get (even) drier.

Slide 5 - Tekstslide

Slide 6 - Video

Effect of climate change?

Slide 7 - Tekstslide

Talking point
If you were a subsistence farmer, what would you do to prepare for climate change?

Slide 8 - Tekstslide

Slide 9 - Video

Melting ice and sea level rise
  • On average the sea level rises 2.6 mm to 2.9 mm per year. It will rise further in the future.
  • Main reason: thermal expansion of the sea water = As the global temperature increases, the seawater molecules expand slightly, which raises the sea level even further.

Slide 10 - Tekstslide

Double trouble for the Netherlands!

Slide 11 - Tekstslide

Biodiversity
Wildlife, plants and marine life are affected by climate change.

Slide 12 - Tekstslide

Climate change: level of development
Many of the hot and arid places are found in LEDCs.
  • worse starting position
  • poorly equipped to deal with the impact of climate change
  • socio-economic factors play a large role in the severity of the consequences of climate change

Slide 13 - Tekstslide

Climate change will have many different consequences on a global scale, particularly in the worst-case IPCC scenario. Vulnerable, poor, populations will be more heavily impacted by the consequences of climate change. (Figure 4.28)

Slide 14 - Tekstslide

Uncertainty
Scientists studying climate change often present a range of possible outcomes, such as the average global temperature in 2100. 
They have two main reasons for this uncertainty:
  1. Computer models cannot possibly predict all future events. 
  2. If governments  make agreements to limit the output of greenhouse gases and implement these agreements in their respective countries, the consequences of climate change in the future will be different.

Slide 15 - Tekstslide

Essence
Climate change has many consequences for the Earth and its population. Physical changes include the changing temperature and precipitation patterns. The impacts of these physical changes include the disappearance of glaciers, a rising sea level and changes to biodiversity, such as a move by foxes northwards and a decline in the number of penguins and polar bears. LEDCs are vulnerable to these changes. However, there is a good deal of uncertainty attached to climate change, which is why climate scientists present a range of possibilities.

Slide 16 - Tekstslide

Homework 3HT
Monday 4 May, 2nd hour:
  • Study 4.3
  • Read 4.4 and do ex. 1 to 6, 8, 9 and 11

Slide 17 - Tekstslide

Homework 3VT
Friday 8 May, 4th hour:
  • Study 4.3
  • Read 4.4 and do ex. 1 to 11

Slide 18 - Tekstslide