5.1 Development Opportunities

5.1 Development Opportunities
IB Geography HL - Human Development and Diversity 
This presentation is for a large extend based on: Matt Podbury -ibgeographypods
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Slide 1: Tekstslide
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In deze les zitten 45 slides, met interactieve quizzen, tekstslides en 5 videos.

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5.1 Development Opportunities
IB Geography HL - Human Development and Diversity 
This presentation is for a large extend based on: Matt Podbury -ibgeographypods

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

1. Development opportunities
Ways of supporting the processes of human development

Slide 2 - Tekstslide

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

The multidimensional process of human development and ways to measure it:
  • UN Sustainable Development Goals criteria
  • validity and reliability of development indicators and indices, including the human development index (HDI) and gender inequality index (GII)
  • empowering women and indigenous or minority groups
  • Detailed illustrative examples of affirmative action to close the development gap

Slide 4 - Tekstslide

How would you define human development?

Slide 5 - Open vraag

Slide 6 - Video

Give a new definition of human development.

Slide 7 - Open vraag

As a class, try to name all 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals.

Slide 8 - Woordweb

1

Slide 9 - Video

00:00
Which SDG did we miss in the mindmap?

Slide 10 - Open vraag

Slide 11 - Video

Slide 12 - Link

Which 3 SDG's would you rank as most important?

Slide 13 - Open vraag

Slide 14 - Tekstslide

Slide 15 - Tekstslide

Let's check your knowledge of key terms! 
Go to: www.quizlet.live

Slide 16 - Tekstslide

If you want to practise the key terms yourself use this link: 
https://quizlet.com/join/hW3V7rxaN

Slide 17 - Tekstslide

What does HDI stand for?

Slide 18 - Open vraag

If you had to come up with 3 criteria to measure human development (for the HDI) what would they be?

Slide 19 - Open vraag

Human Development Index (HDI)
  • Longevity (life expectancy).
  • Education index - mean years of schooling or expected years of schooling.
  • Standard of living - income ajusted to local cost of living, that is purchasing power. 

Slide 20 - Tekstslide

Slide 21 - Tekstslide

Does the UN encourage the use of the HDI or of GNI? (GNI = Gross National Income, used to be GDP)
A
HDI, because it is seen as more holistic.
B
GNI, because it is seen as more holistic.

Slide 22 - Quizvraag

Connect the correct boxes. 
High human development
Low human development 
Very high human development
Medium human development
the Netherlands 
China
India
Rwanda

Slide 23 - Sleepvraag

Slide 24 - Tekstslide

Check out Wikipedia to fill in this schedule: 

Slide 25 - Tekstslide

0

Slide 26 - Video

Negatives/criticism of the HDI

Slide 27 - Woordweb

Some negatives of the HDI
  • Data from some developing countries may not be very reliable and may be difficult to confirm.
  • The measures chosen may seem very arbitrary to some because there are other way of measuring relative qualities in health and education.
  • Similar criticism of GNI, that it does not measure unequal distribution within the country.
  • No indication in the education index about access to education for all groups in society
  • I.e. continuation of wealthy students through education can hide the fact that it is difficult for children of poorer families to enter primary education.

Slide 28 - Tekstslide

Positives of the HDI

Slide 29 - Woordweb

Some positives of the HDI
  • There is widespread use of HDI to compare development levels and it does reveal clear global patterns.
  • Does not solely concentrate on economic development, and takes into consideration that there are other, more social, ways to measure human development.
  • Increase in education and health shows an improvement in a countries infrastructure.

Slide 30 - Tekstslide

What does GII stand for?

Slide 31 - Open vraag

If you had to come up with 3 criteria to measure gender inequality (for the GII) what would they be?

Slide 32 - Open vraag

The Gender Inequality Index (GII)
  • Reproductive health - as measured by maternal mortality ration and adolescen birth rates.
  • Gender empowerment - as measured through the proportion of parliamentary seats held by women, and the proportion of adult females and males aged over 25 years with some experience of secondary school. 
  • Economic satus - as measured by labour force participation by males and females aged 15 and over. 

Slide 33 - Tekstslide

Slide 34 - Tekstslide

Positives of the GII

Slide 35 - Woordweb

Positives
  • The GII includes reproductive health and measures empowerment beyond the female literacy and primary education. 
  • Reveals gender disparities in labour market participation. 
  • Avoids using flawed sex-disaggregated income measures.

Slide 36 - Tekstslide

Limitations of the GII

Slide 37 - Woordweb

Limitations of the GII 
  • It does not capture the length and breadth of gender inequality. (For example, it captures national parliamentary representation but excludes participation at the local government level and elsewhere in community and public life.) 
  • The labour market dimension lacks information on employment and the quality of jobs. 
  • The index misses other important dimensions, such as unpaid work, and the fact that many women carry an unfair burden of caregiving and housekeeping. 
  • Asset ownership, child care support, gender-based violence and participation in community decision-making are also not captured in the GII, mainly due to limited data availability.

Slide 38 - Tekstslide

The multidimensional process of human development and ways to measure it:
  • UN Sustainable Development Goals criteria
  • Exam question: Discuss the validity and reliability of development indicators and indices such as the human development index (HDI) and gender inequality index (GII).
  • empowering women and indigenous or minority groups
  • Detailed illustrative examples of affirmative action to close the development gap

Slide 39 - Tekstslide

Slide 40 - Video

Based on what you have learned about human development, the HDI and the GII and Rwanda formulate at least 2 questions for Sanne.

Slide 41 - Open vraag

The importance of social entrepreneurship approaches for human development:
  • the work of microfinance organizations and their networks
  • alternative trading networks such as “Fairtrade”
  • TNC corporate social responsibility frameworks and global agreements

Slide 42 - Tekstslide

Slide 43 - Link

Synthesis, evaluation and skills opportunities
How actions to support human development involve spatial interactions from local to global scales.


Exam Question: Examine how actions to support human development involve spatial interactions from local to global scales (16) 

Slide 44 - Tekstslide

Big thanks to:
Matt Podbury -ibgeographypods 
www.ibgeographypods.org/

Slide 45 - Tekstslide