Understanding Coronary Heart Disease

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• Health and social
• Further Education (Key Stage 5)

Understanding Coronary Heart Disease

What do you already know about coronary heart disease?

Learning Objectives

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to explain the causes and symptoms of coronary heart disease, analyse a case study, and apply AO1, AO2, and AO3 skills to an exam-style question.

Starter: Prior Knowledge

Think

What are the risk factors of Coronary heart disease?

Think for 30 seconds

Pair

Now share with your partner

Share

Now lets share with the class

30

second

add30s

What Is Coronary Heart Disease?

Coronary heart disease (CHD) occurs when the heart's blood supply is blocked or interrupted by a build-up of fatty substances in the coronary arteries.

Symptoms and Risk Factors

Common symptoms: chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, heart attack. Risk factors: smoking, poor diet, lack of exercise, high blood pressure, high cholesterol.

Case Study Introduction

You will receive an exam-style case study on a Coronary heart disease patient. Read carefully: this will be the focus for AO1, AO2, and AO3 practice.

A 56-year-old patient is attending an appointment with their general practitioner (GP), complaining of chest pain, feeling faint and describing a pain travelling through their body. The GP also notices that the patient becomes short of breath when talking through their symptoms. Based on the symptoms, the GP decides to carry out an NHS health check to gather more information about the patient. From the information gathered at the health check, the GP discovers that the patient:

• smoked around 10 cigarettes a day for 30 years, but stopped smoking a year ago

• goes for a walk once every two days but does no other physical exercise

• is in the healthy weight range according to their body mass index (BMI)

• has a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg

• has a high cholesterol level caused by a high-fat diet.

Based on this information, the GP explains to the patient that they are being referred for an angiogram as there are concerns that these are signs of coronary heart disease (CHD). The GP explains that during the angiogram, a special dye will be injected into an artery of the patient’s arm or leg. This will allow the

arteries to be seen when an X-ray photograph is taken. The GP advises the patient that whilst they wait for the angiogram and results, they should reduce their intake of fast food. After consideration, the GP decides not to prescribe beta blockers at this stage.

Evaluate the GP’s actions based on the information gathered from the patient.

[9 marks, plus 3 marks for QWC]

AO1, AO2, AO3 Explained

AO1: Knowledge and understanding. AO2: Application of knowledge to the scenario. AO3: Analysis and evaluation.

Modelling Answers: I Do

Let’s look at an example. I’ll model how to answer a question based on the COPD case study using AO1, AO2, and AO3 skills.

AO1: Demonstration of understanding of coronary heart disease, associated risk factors and use of beta blockers

Coronary heart disease is where fatty material (atheroma) builds up inside the coronary arteries.

We Do: Guided Practice

Now on your mini whiteboards come up with another AO1

Modelling Answers: I Do

Let’s look at an example. I’ll model how to answer a question based on the COPD case study using AO1, AO2, and AO3 skills.

A02: Application of understanding of coronary heart disease, associated risk factors and use of beta blockers

The test described (angiogram) would be able to identify coronary heart disease as it identifies narrowing of the coronary arteries.

We Do: Guided Practice

Now on your mini whiteboards come up with another AO2

Modelling Answers: I Do

Let’s look at an example. I’ll model how to answer a question based on the COPD case study using AO1, AO2, and AO3 skills.

AO3: Evaluation of the GP’s actions based on understanding coronary heart disease, associated risk factors and use of beta blockers

Although the patient has quit smoking, they still smoked for around 30 years. Despite being in a healthy weight range, a lack of physical activity and eating a high-fat diet regularly, has contributed to their high cholesterol, presenting a high risk of developing coronary heart disease.

We Do: Guided Practice

Now on your mini whiteboards come up with another AO3

Group Task: AO Skills Rotation

Exam Practice: Independent Task

Now attempt the exam-style question on your own. Use what you have learnt about AO1, AO2, and AO3. Write your answer clearly and check your arguments.

Lesson Reflection

What is one key thing you learnt about coronary heart disease and how to answer exam questions today?

Write down 3 things you learned in this lesson.

Write down 2 things you want to know more about.

Ask 1 question about something you haven't quite understood yet.