7.3 (2) Polysomes and protein folding

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 5

Aims: finish 7.3 Translation (AHL)

review 7.3 tRNA activating enzymes

polysomes

levels of protein folding

Unit: Nucleic acids (AHL)

Topic: 7.3 Translation

Lesson 2 outline:

3 interactive video's about 5-8min each incl MCquestions.

Remainder of the time: HW (see last slide)

Unit: Nucleic acids (AHL)

Topic: 7.3 Translation

Essential Idea:

Information transferred from DNA to mRNA

is translated into an amino acid sequence

Aims:

    Free ribosomes synthesise proteins for use primarily within the cell
    Bound ribosomes synthesise proteins primarily for secretion or for use in lysosomes
    Translation can occur immediately after transcription in prokaryotes due to the absence of a nuclear membrane
    The sequence and number of amino acids in a polypeptide is the primary structure
    The secondary structure is the formation of alpha helices and beta pleated sheets stabilised by hydrogen bonding
    The tertiary structure is the further folding of the polypeptide stabilised by interactions between R groups
    The quaternary structure exists in proteins with more than one polypeptide chain

This image is taken from a visualization of a eukaryotic ribosome. The arrows show the direction of movement of mRNA. Which letter represents a tRNA exiting from the E site?

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

Where does a tRNA-activating enzyme attach the appropriate amino acid to the tRNA molecule?

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

What does the arrow indicate?

1. 5' prime end of mRNA strand in a polysome
2. 3' prime end of mRNA strand in a polysome

Watch the video on the next slide and use Bioninja to review protein folding

Review the aims of this lesson and write down any questions you have on the next slide:

Free ribosomes synthesise proteins for use primarily within the cell
    Bound ribosomes synthesise proteins primarily for secretion or for use in lysosomes
    Translation can occur immediately after transcription in prokaryotes due to the absence of a nuclear membrane
    The sequence and number of amino acids in a polypeptide is the primary structure
    The secondary structure is the formation of alpha helices and beta pleated sheets stabilised by hydrogen bonding
    The tertiary structure is the further folding of the polypeptide stabilised by interactions between R groups
    The quaternary structure exists in proteins with more than one polypeptide chain

Elaboration  time!

Consolidate your learning:

1. get out your notes and list the main ideas (you can also use the topic glossary or learning objectives for this U,A & skills)
   
2. Spin the spinner, ask yourself the questions, answer and connect to previous knowledge or real life examples.
3. take further notes
4. spin the spinner again and repeat for 2-3 more times.
   

Homework for next lesson

What I do not understand / questions I have about the content are:

6 Top Learning Strategies

A= ask questions, explain, connect (elaborate)
N= no cramming (spaced practice)
S= switch topics (interleaving)
W= words and visuals (dual coding)
E= examples (real life examples)

R= recall what you know (retrieval practice)

(https://www.learningscientists.org/videos)

What did you think of this lessonup?

1. useful
2. somewhat useful
3. very useful
4. did not learn anything

The end of the lesson