Year 10 lesson 5 Protein

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Protein

Key knowledge (What you will learn) By the end of the lesson you will

• Identify macro nutrients and micro nutrients

• Define protein.

• Describe the function and various sources of protein.

• Describe the effects of protein excess and deficiency.

Key Words

• Amino Acids

The building blocks that join together to make protein molecules.

• Essential Amino Acids

Amino Acids that the body can not make, and we must get from food (there are at least 20 essential amino acids)

• High Biological Value (HBV)

Foods that contain all 20 essential amino acids

• Low Biological Value (LBV)

Foods that are missing 1 or more essential amino acids

• Protein Complementation

Combining LBV foods together to achieve all the essential amino acids

Homework

Complete the exam questions

relating to today’s lesson

Bring in ingredients for Veg prep lesson

Nutrients are split into 2 categories

Micronutrients

When we talk about Micro what do you think?

Macronutrients

So if Micro is small

Macro must mean?

Micronutrients

Needed in SMALLER amounts

Minerals

Vitamins

Water

Macronutrients

Needed in LARGER amounts

Protein

Carbohydrates

Fats

Nutrients are split

into 2 categories

Micro usually means ‘extremely small’. whereas macro means ‘large scale’

PROTEIN

• Protein is a MACRONUTRIENT needed by ALL animals including humans

• Protein is made up of individual building blocks called AMINO ACIDS

• There at least 20 DIFFERENT AMINO ACIDS

• When we eat foods containing protein our body digests the protein molecules into amino acids and makes new proteins for our body to use

• ADULTS NEED 8 ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS

• CHILDREN NEED 10 ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS

• A good way to remember this is that the word ADULTS has 6 letters + 2 = 8, the word CHILDREN has 8 letters + 2 = 10

• The FUNCTION of protein in the body is -

TO MAKE THE BODY GROW – From a baby into an adult

TO REPAIR THE BODY – After injury or illness

TO GIVE ENERGY – Is a secondary source of energy, carbohydrates and fats are used first.

Protein

1. What is protein?

2. Name the “building blocks” that make protein

3. Identify some sources of protein

4. Identify some protein alternatives

1. Why are proteins important?

2. Functions of protein in the diet?

3. What are the effects of deficiency or excess protein in the diet?

1. What are HBV (High Biological Value) proteins?

2. What are LBV (Low Biological Value) proteins?

3. State how many essential amino acids does an adult and a child need

4. What is protein complementation and how can you achieve it?

Basic Medium Challenge

These are the questions you should be able to answer in detail by the end of the lesson.

Which answers do you already know?

Watch this video about proteins and see which gaps in your knowledge it can fill in… Try to ignore the terrible presenting and concentrate on the information given!

Protein

1. What is protein?

2. Name the “building blocks” that make protein

3. Identify some sources of protein

4. Identify some protein alternatives

1. Why are proteins important?

2. Functions of protein in the diet?

3. What are the effects of deficiency or excess protein in the diet?

1. What are HBV (High Biological Value) proteins?

2. What are LBV (Low Biological Value) proteins?

3. State how many essential amino acids does an adult and a child need?

4. What is protein complementation and how can you achieve it?

Basic Medium Challenge

Which answers do you now know after watching the video ?

High Biological Value Protein (HBV)

Protein foods that contain ALL of the essential amino acids (EAAs)

• This means they are of great value to the body as it does not have to make these EAAs from the food we eat.

• Main sources

Tofu and Quorn are

PROTEIN REPLACEMENTS

Low Biological Value Protein (LBV)

Protein foods that are MISSING ONE OR MORE of the essential amino acids (EAAs).

Seeds

Nuts

Beans & Lentils

Cereals

Protein Complementation

EATING DIFFERENT LBV PROTEIN FOODS TOGETHER, in order to get all the essential amino acids that the body needs.

Beans on Toast

Peanut Butter on Toast

Rice Pudding with Nuts

Lentil and Bean Soup

Rice and 3 Bean Salad

1. What is protein? Macronutrient made of amino acids

2. Name the “building blocks” that make protein Essential Amino Acids

3. Identify some sources of protein. Meat, fish, beans, lentils, seeds, eggs, dairy, nuts, quinoa

4. Identify some protein alternatives. Tofu (treated soya milk), Tempeh (fermented soya beans) TVP (Textured vegetable protein), microprotein (quorn)

5. Why are proteins important? Essential amino acids come from protein foods that cannot be made by the body, at least 8 are needed by adults and 10 by children as they are still growing.

6. Functions of protein in the diet? Growth, repair, energy

7. What are the effects of deficiency or excess protein in the diet? Deficiency – Lack of correct growth and repair, hair loss, poor skin and nails, lack of energysusceptible to infections, can’t digest food properly

Excess – Liver and kidneys have to work harder to get rid of excess nitrogen

1. What are HBV (High Biological Value) proteins. Contain all of the essential amino acids – meat, eggs, fish, dairy, soya, quinoa,

2. What are LBV (Low Biological Value) proteins. Missing 1 or more essential amino acid – nuts, seeds, cereals, beans/lentils, sorghum, gelatine

3. State how many essential amino acids does an adult and a child need – Adult 8/Child 10

4. What is protein complementation and how can you achieve it? When you eat different LBV proteins together to ‘fill in the missing gaps’ and get all the Essential amino acid

Answers

Describe LBV (Low biological value) protein food, give examples

(4 Marks)

Describe HBV (High biological value) protein food, give examples

(4 Marks)

Explain why vegans are at a higher risk of developing protein deficiency and provide a way of preventing it.

(4 marks)

Give two examples of protein complementation

(2 marks)

What are HBV (High Biological Value) proteins?

 

What have you learnt today ?

Foods that contain all of the essential amino acids – meat, eggs, fish, dairy, soya, quinoa,

What are LBV (Low Biological Value) proteins

Foods that are missing 1 or more essential amino acid – nuts, seeds, cereals, beans/lentils, sorghum, gelatine

Challenge Question

Explain protein complementation and how can you achieve it?

Protein Homework:

Answer the following Questions on A4 lined paper!

Use your lesson knowledge, the British Nutrition Foundation (BNF) website and BNF Youtube channel https://www.nutrition.org.uk/nutritionscience/nutrients-food-and-ingredients/protein.html

1. State what is meant by a protein alternative

1. Comment on why protein alternatives are useful for vegetarians

1. Give an example of protein complementation

1. Explain why this is protein complementation

1. Describe why most teenage boys need more protein than most teenage girls.

1. Describe why a vegan would need to practice protein complementation

Protein Homework:

Answer the following Questions on A4 lined paper!

Use your lesson knowledge, the British Nutrition Foundation (BNF) website and BNF Youtube channel https://www.nutrition.org.uk/nutritionscience/nutrients-food-and-ingredients/protein.html

1. State what is meant by a protein alternative

1. Comment on why protein alternatives are useful for vegetarians

1. Give an example of protein complementation

1. Explain why this is protein complementation

1. Describe why most teenage boys need more protein than most teenage girls.

1. Describe why a vegan would need to practice protein complementation

Protein Homework:

Answer the following Questions on A4 lined paper!

Use your lesson knowledge, the British Nutrition Foundation (BNF) website and BNF Youtube channel https://www.nutrition.org.uk/nutritionscience/nutrients-food-and-ingredients/protein.html

1. State what is meant by a protein alternative

1. Comment on why protein alternatives are useful for vegetarians

1. Give an example of protein complementation

1. Explain why this is protein complementation

1. Describe why most teenage boys need more protein than most teenage girls.

1. Describe why a vegan would need to practice protein complementation

Protein Homework:

Answer the following Questions on A4 lined paper!

Use your lesson knowledge, the British Nutrition Foundation (BNF) website and BNF Youtube channel https://www.nutrition.org.uk/nutritionscience/nutrients-food-and-ingredients/protein.html

1. State what is meant by a protein alternative

1. Comment on why protein alternatives are useful for vegetarians

1. Give an example of protein complementation

1. Explain why this is protein complementation

1. Describe why most teenage boys need more protein than most teenage girls.

1. Describe why a vegan would need to practice protein complementation