Conditionals 0 - 1 - 2

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

ENGLISH

ZERO CONDITIONAL

FIRST CONDITIONAL

SECOND CONDITIONAL

CONDITIONALS

WHAT? Conditionals are sentence structures that explain a particular situation or circumstance and its consequences.

If this happens, then that happens.

FORM? If the sentence starts with 

the ‘if clause’, you add a comma 

between the ‘if clause’ and the 

‘main clause’. 

If your freeze water, it turns in to ice. 

ZERO CONDITIONAL

USE? We use the zero conditional to talk about things which always happen.

-General facts

-Scientific facts

FORM? If/When + present simple , + present simple

EXAMPLES: If you drop an apple, it falls to the ground.

                         If you freeze water, it turns into ice.

Your turn! 

Complete next sentences with a zero conditional.

If you don't eat food for two days, ........

If you leave a restaurant without paying, ........

Plants die .......

Kids cry .....

ZERO CONDITIONAL

FIRST CONDITIONAL

SECOND CONDITIONAL

If the man takes another step,

1. The penguin will hug the man
2. The penguin will jump in the air
3. The penguin will attack the man
4. The penguin will do a somersault

If the toy cat starts waving,

1. the cat will attack the toy.
2. the cat will mimic the toy.
3. the cat will run away.
4. the cat will attack its owner.

If the door opens,

1. the dogs will act like nothing happened.
2. the dogs will run away.
3. the dogs will attack each other.
4. the dogs will keep barking to each other.

When the cat sees the dog

1. the cat will jump on top of the dog.
2. the cat will scare the dog away.
3. the cat will run away.
4. the cat will lock the door.

FIRST CONDITIONAL

*If/when the man takes another step, the penguin will attack him. 

*If/when the toy cat starts waving, the cat will mimic it. 

*If/when the door opens, the dogs will act like nothing happened.

*If/when the cat sees the dog, the cat will lock the door.

FIRST CONDITIONAL

USE? When we talk about specific present or future situations which we believe are real or possible. 

FORM? If/When +  present simple, +  will + infinitive

EXAMPLES: If it rains tomorrow, we will go to the cinema

                         If Juan leaves, Bella will be very sad. 

1. Example: If you do that again I will scream. Answer: If you do that again, I will scream.
2. I will be surprised if she manages to run that marathon.
3. If we go out tonight I will need money.
4. I will miss you if you move to Brazil.
5. When you study hard you will pass the exam.
6. If you don't go to the party he will be upset.
7. When you get a haircut, you will look better.
8. If you drop that glass it will break. 
9. If I go to the supermarket later I will buy chocolate.
10. Many workers will lose their jobs if that factory closes down.

Rewrite the sentence with the correct punctuation... 

1. If you do that again, I will scream.
2. I will be surprised if she manages to run that marathon.
3. If we go out tonight, I will need money.
4. I will miss you if you move to Brazil.
5. When you study hard, you will pass the exam.
6. If you don't go to the party, he will be upset.
7. When you get a haircut, you will look better.
8. If you drop that glass, it will break. 
9. If I go to the supermarket later, I will buy chocolate.
10. Many workers will lose their jobs if that factory closes down.

Answers: 

RE CAP - CONDITIONALS

USE? We use the zero conditional to talk about things which always happen.

-General facts

-Scientific facts

FORM? If/When + present simple , + present simple

EXAMPLES: If you drop an apple, it falls to the ground.

                         If you freeze water, it turns into ice.

FIRST CONDITIONAL

USE? When we talk about specific present or future situations which we believe are real or possible. 

FORM? If/When +  present simple, +  will + infinitive

EXAMPLES: If it rains tomorrow, we will go to the cinema

                         If Juan leaves, Bella will be very sad. 

ZERO CONDITIONAL

FIRST CONDITIONAL

SECOND CONDITIONAL

SECOND CONDITIONAL

*If I were a boy, I would roll out of bed in the morning and throw on what I wanted. 

*If I were a boy, I would be a better man.

*If I were a boy, I would listen to her.

*If I were a boy, I would turn of my phone.

*If I were a boy, I would put myself first.

SECOND CONDITIONAL

USE? We use the second conditional when we talk about present or future events that are not likely to happen.

FORM? If + past simple, + would + infinitive

EXAMPLES: If I were you, I would tell her.

                         If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.

 

1. Example: I would buy a new car if I won the lottery. (punctuation is correct). If I won the lottery, I would buy a new car (comma after the "If clause")
2. If I were you I would quit smoking.
3. If I saw a ghost I would run away.
4. I would fly to the moon if I had a spaceship.
5. If I forgot my name I would become crazy.
6. They would stay longer if they had more time.
7. If he had two heads he would wear two hats. 
8. My stomach would explode if I ate 2000 fries.
9. I would eat a lot of rice and beans if I lived in Tanzania.
10. If I saw an alien I would try to talk to it.

Rewrite the sentence with the correct punctuation... 

1. I would buy a new car if I won the lottery.
2. If I were you, I would quit smoking.
3. If I saw a ghost, I would run away.
4. I would fly to the moon if I had a spaceship.
5. If I forgot my name, I would become crazy.
6. They would stay longer if they had more time.
7. If he had two heads, he would wear two hats. 
8. My stomach would explode if I ate 2000 fries.
9. I would eat a lot of rice and beans if I lived in Tanzania.
10. If I saw an alien, I would try to talk to it.

Answers

Your turn! 

Complete next sentences with a second conditional.

If I won the lottery, ...

If I were a boy/girl, ...

I would be extremely scared ...

I would move to Mars ...

Page 52 - exercise 1

ANSWERS

• 1 C Second conditional - If you went shopping in MCity,
• 2 A  Zero conditional - If the roads are empty,
• 3 D Third  Conditional - If it hadn't been for a decision to build a new hydro-electric power station. 
• 4 B  First conditional - If water levels continue to rise, 
• 5 E Third Conditional with modals - If they had paid more attention to these concerns years ago.

Extra Practice: Complete the sentence with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. 

1. If he ....... (need) to talk to somebody, tell him to call me. 

2. We wouldn't have arrived late if there ....... (not be a huge traffic jam)

3. If she ........... (not find out) about the power station, she wouldn't have been upset.

4. I wish I ............ can/save) enough money to rent a flat with my friends.

5. If there  ........ (not be) such amenities, the teens would have nowhere to go. 

Time for a game!

I would buy you a present if you gave me a hug every day.

If you dance in the rain, I will join you.

If it snows, it is very cold.