Lesson 5, Naming Unbranched Alkanes and Alkenes

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• Middelbare school
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• Leerjaar 3

What are Alkanes?

What are Alkenes?

What is the general formula of Alkanes?

What is the general formula of Alkenes?

Draw two isomers of the Alkene C4H8

What is a condensed structural formula?

Draw the isomers of C4H10 (use condensed notation)

Systematic naming of the simplest (unbranched) Alkanes

Step 1: How many carbons does it have?  1, 2, 3, ....

What is the prefix (root name from the table) for that? Meth, Eth, Prop,...

Step 2

If there is no double bonds between carbons, the molecule is Alkane. 

Then you need to pick "ane" as the suffix.

The name of the simplest Alkanes= Prefix  + Suffix

Example

Step 1: How many carbons does it have? 1

What is the prefix for one carbon? Meth

Step 2: Is there any double bonds? No, then we are dealing with Alkane

Name = Meth + ane = Methane

Example

Step 1: How many carbons does it have? 2

What is the prefix for two carbons? Eth

Step 2: Is there any double bonds? No, then we are dealing with Alkane

Name = Eth + ane = Ethane

Example

Step 1: How many carbons does it have? 9

What is the prefix for two carbons? Non

Step 2: Is there any double bonds? No, then we are dealing with Alkane

Name = Non + ane = Nonae

Read page 243

Watch the first 5 minutes of the video

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Naming of the simplest Alkenes (Unbranched)

Step 1: How many carbons does it have?  What is the prefix for that?

Step 2: Number the carbons of the chain so that the double bond carbons have the lowest possible numbers

Step 3: Because we have double bond we are dealing with Alkene

Step 4: Name =   prefix + the number of the double bond carbon + ene

Example : H2C=CH-CH2-CH3

Step 1: How many carbons does it have?       4             What is the prefix for that? But

Step 2: Number the carbons of the chain so that the double bond carbons have the lowest possible numbers

We give the carbons numbers from left to right, then the number of carbon with double bond is 1

Step 3: Because we have a double bond we are dealing with Alkene

Step 4: Name = prefix + the number of the double bond carbon + ene = But-1-ene

Read page 246

What is the name of
H3C-CH=CH-CH3?

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Homework

Page 249

Questions: 10, 11 ( a-1, a-3), 12 (a,b)