Modal verbs

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• Secundair onderwijs

In which country can you
see this building?

1. United States
2. Britain

New York - Alicia Keys

Grew up in a town that is famous as a place of movie scenes

Noise was always loud, there are sirens all around

and the streets are mean

If I can make it here, I can make it anywhere, that's what they say

Seeing my face in lights or my name on marquees found down

on Broadway

New York - Alicia Keys

Grew up in a town that is famous as a place of movie scenes

Noise was always loud, there are sirens all around

and the streets are mean

If I can make it here, I can make it anywhere, that's what they say

Seeing my face in lights or my name on marquees found down

on Broadway

Even if it ain't all it seems, I got a pocket full of dreams

Baby, I'm from New York

Concrete jungle where dreams are made of

There's nothing you can't do

Now you're in New York

These streets will make you feel brand new

Big lights will inspire you

Hear it from New York, New York, New York!

Even if it ain't all it seems, I got a pocket full of dreams

Baby, I'm from New York

Concrete jungle where dreams are made of

There's nothing you can't do

Now you're in New York

These streets will make you feel brand new

Big lights will inspire you

Hear it from New York, New York, New York!

On the avenue, there ain't never a curfew, ladies work so hard

Such a melting pot, on the corner selling rock, preachers pray to God

Hail a gypsy-cab, takes me down from Harlem to the Brooklyn Bridge

Some will sleep tonight with a hunger far more than an empty fridge

On the avenue, there ain't never a curfew, ladies work so hard

Such a melting pot, on the corner selling rock, preachers pray to God

Hail a gypsy-cab, takes me down from Harlem to the Brooklyn Bridge

Some will sleep tonight with a hunger far more than an empty fridge

One hand in the air for the big city,

Street lights, big dreams all looking pretty

No place in the world that can compare

Put your lighters in the air, everybody say yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah

One hand in the air for the big city,

Street lights, big dreams all looking pretty

No place in the world that can compare

Put your lighters in the air, everybody say yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah

What is
the name of this statue?

This is the ...

1. Chrysler Building
2. Empire State Building
3. Shard

Musicals like 'Phantom
of the Opera' can
be seen on ...

This is ...

1. Highliner
2. a railway station
3. The High Line

What can you see or
do in the Met?

1. Check out art collections.
2. Find books you want to read.
3. Go to a football game.

https://www.bustle.com/life/gossip-girl-filming-locations-new-york-city

Study the vocabulary on p. 55 for 3 minutes. 

Which is always capitalized?

1. I
2. President
3. Earth

Which are NOT normally capitalized?

1. days of the week
2. months of the year
3. names of the seasons

Choose a word and a fellow student. 
This student need to make a sentence with the word of your choice. 
Describe who uses this equipment and why.

Check capitalization: The President Tweeted, "The Country has its first Great Leader."

1. all correct except "Tweeted"
2. all wrong except "The"
3. all correct

Which word is wrongly capitalized? "The Police searched a blue Honda near St Paul's Cathedral."

1. Police
2. Honda
3. Cathedral

Which words did the writer forget to capitalize? "Our professor taught buddhist philosophy at Oxford university."

1. Professor, Buddhist
2. Buddhist, Philosophy, University
3. Buddhist, University

When do we use capital letters?

Search the internet and create your own overview of when to use capital letters in English. 

Capital letters: overview
1. names of days and months

2. titles followed by a proper name and titles referring to one person

3. names of institutions

4. names of religions, their adherents and adjectives derived from them

5. certain abbreviations and acronyms

6. names of holidays and special days

  

7. words in titles of books, films, poems, newspapers, television channels, songs (except for small words like 'a', 'the')
8. the personal pronoun I
9. proper names (people, languages, brands, countries, nationalities, buildings, places, ...)
10. holidays
11. historical events and eras
12. the first word in a sentence
13. the beginning of a quotation if the quotation is a complete sentence

Make a sentence with the word 'atop'.

Make a sentence with the word 'emerge'.

Make a sentence with the word 'surface'.

Make a sentence with the word 'abandon'.

Promise

By Jackie Kay

Remember, the time of year

when the future appears

like a blank sheet of paper

a clean calendar, a new chance.

On thick white snow

You vow fresh footprints

then watch them go

with the wind’s hearty gust.

Fill your glass. Here’s tae us. Promises

made to be broken, made to last.

File 3: A nation under fire

Laws and regulations

A new year 

= 

a new set of laws

• Illinois is making fuzzy dice legal again
  
  
• Guns will be regulated after a record year of shootings
  
  
• Conservatives are clamping down on LGBTQ+ rights
  
  
• Minimum wage is on the rise.

What about some old ones? 

Are the following actual laws or not? 

You cannot kiss on a train. Kissing is, however, allowed in railway stations, but only before the train arrives.

1. It's a law.
2. It's not a law.
3. /
4. /

It's not a law in NY. 
In France, though, it is not allowed to kiss on the platform of the railway station due to delays. 

It is illegal to flush a toilet in an apartment after 10 pm.

1. It's a law.
2. It's not a law.
3. /
4. /

This isn't an actual law in NY, but in Switzerland it is considered noise pollution, so a lot of landlords forbid it in their house rules. 

Voting is mandatory. Not showing up can result in a huge fine.

1. It's a law.
2. It's not a law.
3. /
4. /

Voting is not mandatory in the US. You can choose whether you want to vote or not.
In Belgium you have to show up at the Flemish, federal and European elections. 

You're not allowed to take a selfie with a tiger.

1. It's a law.
2. It's not a law.
3. /
4. /

This law was passed in 2014 after a selfie with a tiger started trending on Tinder. 

You cannot drive a car shirtless.

1. It's a law.
2. It's not a law.
3. /
4. /

There is no actual law prohibiting driving shirtless, but there are laws prohibiting indecent exposure (openbare zedenschennis).

People have to wear underwear before they leave their house.

1. It's a law.
2. It's not a law.
3. /
4. /

This isn't a law in NY, but it is one in Thailand. 

Adultery is illegal (overspel).

1. It's a law.
2. It's not a law.
3. /
4. /

Adultery is still a crime in NY. 

The Constitution (Grondwet)

Bill of Rights: the name for the first 10 amendments of the Constitution. 

Eg. Free exercise of religion, freedom of speech, the right to keep and bear arms 

Check the graphs in your book. 

Study the vocabulary on p. 73-74 for 5 minutes. 

Watch out! 

1. I’m so pissed…
   
2. Are you going to wear pants?
3. Use the restroom?
4. Have you knocked her up?
5. Meet me on the first floor

1. In England, pissed means drunk.  In American English it means that you’re annoyed.

2.  An Englishman wears pants under his trousers; an Englishwoman wears pants or knickers. An American wears underpants under his/her pants. If you want to be on a safe side, use the words: briefs, underwear and trousers.

3. Get some rest or a bath!

The English  use the word toilet (both for the public and private one). Americans use the word bathroom, and in the public building – a restroom or men’s room or ladies’ room.

4. Have you knocked her up?

In America knock somebody up means to get a girl pregnant.  In England, however, it simply means to wake somebody up by knocking on the door.

5. Meet me on the first floor

In the UK the floors in a building are numbered as follows: ground floor, first floor, second floor, etc. In the US, though, they start with the first floor, then the second, etc.

A nation under fire (p. 71)

Always be prepared (p. 78)

How to give advice in English? 

We use MODAL VERBS. 

1. Go to Scoodle and watch the video. 
2. Make a summary of the modal verbs that can be used to give instructions/advice in English. 
3. Do 'signaaloefening'. 
4. Go to p. 78 in your book and rewrite 7 of the instructions using a different modal verb every time. 

Roe vs. Wade (p. 83-84)

Organise your own debate. 

Get in groups of 4-5 people. 

Decide which topic you want to explore. 

Decide who is pro and con. 
Find information and prepare your arguments in a shared Google Doc. 

Possible topics

Age of Consent

Education System

Gun Control

Privacy Laws

Healthcare System

Abortion
Cannabis Legalization

...

Participating in a debate

Defining the topic

We are talking about …

The topic in this discussion is …

This debate is about …

The question we are going to deal with is …

So we are looking for an answer to the question …
Defining your position

My viewpoint is …

I believe that / I am convinced that …

In my opinion …

I totally agree  when he / she states that …

According to the author of this article, …

Picking up a statement or asking for confirmation

So what you are saying is …

Are you suggesting that …?

Are you really convinced that …?

Contradicting an argument

I hold a different opinion.

But the facts are …

But you can’t deny that …

The author suggests that …, but …

I’m afraid I totally disagree with you there.

I agree with you there, but you should take into account that …