Language family tree

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The Language Tree of Indo-European and Uralic languages by Minna Sundberg

Indo-European languages are a massive "family" of over 400 related languages spoken by nearly half the world, including English, Spanish, Hindi, and Russian. They all descend from one ancient, unwritten language called Proto-Indo-European (PIE), spoken thousands of years ago in the steppes of Eastern Europe/Central Asia. 

Indo-European languages are a massive "family" of over 400 related languages spoken by nearly half the world, including English, Spanish, Hindi, and Russian. They all descend from one ancient, unwritten language called Proto-Indo-European (PIE), spoken thousands of years ago in the steppes of Eastern Europe/Central Asia. 

Indo European

The Roots (Proto-Indo-European): An ancient language spoken 4,500–6,000 years ago. 

The Branches: As people moved, their language split into groups like Germanic, Romance, and Indo-Iranian.

The Leaves (Modern Languages): English, French, Hindi, and others. 

Indo-European languages are a massive "family" of over 400 related languages 

The size of the leaves on the trees is intended to indicate – roughly – how many people speak each language.

Facts!

Indo-European  is the biggest language family in the world (more than 400 spoken languages!)

Spoken from Europe to India and, due to history, all over the Americas.

Non-Members: Some European languages, like Finnish and Hungarian, are not part of this family. 

Uralic

The Uralic languages are NOT related to the Indo-European languages. 

Look at the differences!

Look at these words:
mother - moeder - mutter
Which branch do they belong to?

1. Romanic
2. Germanic
3. Italic
4. Slavic

Look at these words:
école - escuela - scuola ("school")
Which branch do they belong to?

1. Indic
2. Germanic
3. Italic
4. Slavic

école (frans)

escuela (spaans)

scuola (italiaans)

école (Frans)

escuela (Spaans)

scuola (Italiaans)

Père — (“vader”)

Vann — (“water”)

 Brat — (“broer”)

Bhāṣā — (“taal”)

Tsiis — (“kaas”)

Pére = Frans = Romance

Vann = Fins = Uralic

Bratt = Pools = Slavic

Bhasa = Sanskriet = Indic

Tsiis = Frysk = Germanic