1.3 Early farmers

1. The Age of Hunters and Farmers
1.3 Early Farmers




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Slide 1: Tekstslide
GeschiedenisMiddelbare schoolhavoLeerjaar 1

In deze les zitten 20 slides, met interactieve quizzen, tekstslides en 3 videos.

time-iconLesduur is: 45 min

Onderdelen in deze les

1. The Age of Hunters and Farmers
1.3 Early Farmers




Slide 1 - Tekstslide

What you can do after this lesson
  • explain when and why first agriculture began in the near east
  • explain how the first farmers discovered how to grow their own crops
  • explain the meaning of domestication
  • explain how the first farmers lived

Slide 2 - Tekstslide

Word Duty






Ice Age: periods in the past when areas of the world were covered by ice and it was very cold

Agriculture: a way of living where people grow their own crops and keep animals

Fertile Crescent: area around the rivers Tigris, Euphrates and Nile

Agricultural revolution: farming was introduced, a completely new way of living in prehistory

Domestication: tame animals for your own use

Pottery: an invention of farmers to store products











KEY WORDS

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

What do you remember about the hunter-gatherers?

Slide 4 - Woordweb

Introduction

In this section, we will see that prehistoric people changed from being hunter-gatherers to farmers. Farmers are people who grow crops and keep animals. This change did not happen overnight. It took thousands of years. But how did it start?


Slide 5 - Tekstslide

Slide 6 - Tekstslide

Climate change

  • Before > ice age
  • 10.000 B.C. climate changed 
  • In the Middle East they developed a new way of making food: agriculture

Source 1.3.1
The changes in temperature on Earth in prehistory. You can see that there have been several Ice Ages in the past.

Slide 7 - Tekstslide

Hunting-gathering to farming
  • The Fertile Crescent
  • Plants grow if you put seeds in the ground
  • Storing wild grain > plant next time
  • Grow their own food
  • No need to travel anymore > farmers
Source 1.3.2
Source 1.3.2
 A map of the Fertile Crescent in the Middle East.

Slide 8 - Tekstslide

Read 'The Fertile Crescent'.
Write a short summary explaining what the Fertile Crescent is and why people stopped traveling.

Slide 9 - Open vraag

fertile
villages
grain
population
Nile
crescent moon
10,000

Slide 10 - Sleepvraag

Keeping animals

  • First farming + hunting animals
  • Hard to hunt animals if you stay in one place
  • 6000 B.C. people in the Fertile Crescent learned how to tame animals > domestication
  • Breeding/keeping of cows, goats, pigs, sheep and horses
Source 1.3.3
The aurochs were bred to become smaller instead of bigger (present-day drawing).
Dogs were already domesticated by hunter-gatherers around 14,000 years ago, to help them during the hunt.

Slide 11 - Tekstslide

Slide 12 - Video

What do you remember about the early farmers

Slide 13 - Woordweb

Create correct English sentences by dragging the words at the bottom to the correct place in the sentence:

so the people 
in the Fertile Crescent  
The population 
needed to find 
new farm land 
was growing,  

Slide 14 - Sleepvraag

Slide 15 - Video

Create correct English sentences by dragging the words at the bottom to the correct place in the sentence:

around 5300 BC 
appeared  
The first farmers   
in our region 

Slide 16 - Sleepvraag

Agriculture in our region

  • The population in the Fertile Crescent kept growing > agriculture spread from the Middle East to South and Central-Europe. 
  • Pottery is an example of new knowledge spread by the farmers.
  • Pottery was used for storing products like grain and seeds
  • People decorated pottery, those who decorated the pottery with straight lines belong to the Linear Pottery Culture > this culture is found in large parts of Europe.
  • Funnel Beaker Culture


Source 1.3.4
Pottery from the Linear Pottery Culture (5400 - 4900 BC).
Source 1.3.5
 Pottery from the Funnel Beaker Culture (2500 - 2200 BC).
Source 1.3.6
A reconstruction of a group of farmers with their crops and animals (present-day drawing).
Agriculture did not spread all the way from the Fertile Crescent to China or Latin America. Farming spontaneously began in more than one place in the world around the same time. People just needed soil and a good temperature for their crops to grow. In Latin America these first crops were not wheat or barley, but maize or manioc. Here, the first animals farmers kept were not goats and sheep, but alpacas.

Slide 17 - Tekstslide

Slide 18 - Video

Key word posters
What are you going to do?
  • In pairs you'll be given a key word from 8.4
  • Fill in the poster according to your key word, you'll have 15 minutes per poster.
  • You can use the text lessons, historiek.nl and wikipedia (only for background information)

When you're done:
  • With another group (different key word) you'll discuss the poster
  • Explain:
  • What your key word means, what the historical context is and why you associate your drawing with the key word.

Slide 19 - Tekstslide

Slide 20 - Tekstslide