science trial work week

• Science
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

science

Emmi Machunskas

THV2C

(presentation)

science

Emmi Machunskas

THV2C

Preface

• 1 - substances at home
  
• 2 - pure substances and mixture
• 3 - mass and volume
• 4 - density
• Chapter 3 - 1

Chapter 2

substances

1- substances at home

As u maybe can see, there are a lot of substances in your kitchen at home. Look under the sink, or in a special place for the substances. You will maybe see things like: Bleach, White spirit, Chlorine  and other things that help u with the cleaning (or without cleaning) of the kitchen. The most of them are liquid, and colourless. 

Sometimes you recognise substances by its smell, for example the chlorine of the swimming pool, u most likely can smell. Or White Spirit, which smells like alcohol or hand sanitizer. 

But you have to be careful: some substances could be harmful to your skin, or eyes. heres how u can smell a substance safely:

take the top off the bottle, wave your hand gently back and forth to get the smell, but not getting close to it, thats how you sniff the vapour, instead of the whole substance, which could affect u in many differentways.

symbols of different types of harmful substances

corrosive substance

1.

2. 

flammable substance

3. 

oxidizing substances 

4.

toxic substance

5.

harmful/irritant 

substance

6.

explosive substance

2 - pure substances and mixture

The water from your tub is pretty much different than normal water. The taste changes when the substances combine together. Thats why you have a choice in the supermarket between different brands or mineral water. The taste is 

a tiny bit different. 

In (almost) all of the drinks, there is wa-

ter. So if u turn your liquid product aro-

und, you will see that the first thing on

the list is - water, and pretty much after

water, comes sugar. (if its a soda)

3 - mass & volume 

In ingredients you often get a specific list of how much you have to use of products. And in general, you often need a specific quantity of a 

substance, no more and no less.

 And in medicines, its extremely

 important to have the correct 

amount of the active 

ingredient(s). 

4 - density

People often say that one substance is heavier or lighter than another. If u will ask someone: "Why are the alloy wheels often made of aluminium?", many people will reply: "Because aluminium is a very light metal" or either "Because aluminium is much lighter than steel". And now heres how u know if all-

uminium is lighter than steel: You first 

fairly compare the 2 substances, U can 

also just weigh a aluminium object and

steel, like a bicycle frame for example.

chapter 3

water

1 - ice, water vapour

Rain, snow, ice, hail, frost, fog and dew all look different. Rain for example consists of transparent drops, snowflakes are white and feathery and fog is a thick white/greyish cloud that leads you to not seeing far/around you well. But the thing is, all of the weather types  listed above, involve the same substa-

nce: water. 

Water can exist in 3 different states:  

as a solid substance: ice, liquid: water,

and as a gas: water vapour. (phases)

the end