AC A4 music explore and expand

• CKV
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 4

Music explore

Sounds are all around us, from birds chirping and waves lapping against a coastline to cars honking in traffic. But sometimes sounds are put together in purposeful ways to create a specific atmosphere or to express ideas or emotions. Such organized sounds are called music. 

All around the world, in almost every human culture people play and perform music and listen to music. Music is a language we all understand. A language with sounds instead of words. Sounds that can be short, long, fast, slow, high, low , bright or dull.

Music has many functions: you can dance to music, you can listen to music, you can march on music or it can enhance an image. (See video below)

 On the next slide you can see  “How music affects your brain.” 

                                         LEARNING GOALS

1. You know the music movements and characteristics.
2. You know what instruments are typically classical and what instruments are used in popmusic.
3. You can apply the characteristics in the in-depth assignment of your choice.
4. .

What is the first music that pops up in your memory?

2. Write down the title of one of your favourite song.
3 Add five keywords to describe this song.
4 Let your partner listen to the song and let him/her write down his or her five keywords to this song
5 Compare the keywords and discuss the differences

a. Did you ever play or do you play an instrument? Did/do you like it or not?

b. If you could choose an instrument to play at this moment, what instrument would that be, and why?

What is the music style of your (foster) parents?

GENRES IN MUSIC

Read the genres below and answer the question on the next slide

Classical music

Classical music is rooted in the traditions of Western culture and starts in the middle ages. European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century. That also distinguishes it from popular music and folk music. The repertoire tends to be written down in musical notation, creating a musical part or score. 

Jazz

Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime. Jazz is seen by many as "America's classical music". Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.

Rock

Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as "rock and roll" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later. It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and on country music. 

Urban

Urban: The term was coined by New York DJ Frankie Crocker in the mid-1970s. Urban contemporary radio stations feature a playlist made up entirely of genres such as hip hop, R&B, pop-rap, UK Rap, grime, UK garage and drum and bass, and Caribbean music such as reggae, dancehall, reggaeton, zouk, bouyon, and soca. 

Dance

Dance: Electronic dance music (also known as EDM, dance music, club music, or simply dance) is a broad range of percussive electronic music genres made largely for nightclubs, raves, and festivals. EDM is generally produced for playback by disc jockeys (DJs) who create seamless selections of tracks, called a mix, by segueing from one recording to another. EDM producers also perform their music live in a concert or festival setting in what is sometimes called a live PA. In Europe, EDM is more commonly called 'dance music' or simply 'dance'.

Mozart was a famous classical composer. Court composer Salieri has written a piece of music for emperor Joseph II to play for Mozart when he visits the emperor in Vienna for the first time. Salieri is very proud of his work, but Mozart is better.

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Welke video was dit?

1. Do you know this composition of
Mozart and if you do where did you
come across it?

There is a lot of improvisation in Jazz.
What is improvisation?

Listen to this song . For years it has been
the number 1 in the Top2000.
Do you understand why people vote for
this song to be the best? Explain.

Urban is a cultural art form mostly used by non- white people. How come?

In 2013 Martin Garrix became well known
with this dancetrack. Do you consider a
DJ to be a real musician or not? Explain

MUSIC CHARACTERISTICS

Read the texts below

Tempo

The speed at which the beats are performed. It is measured in beats per minute (bpm). So 60 bpm is 60 beats in a minute, a beat per second. Lots of calm songs have 60 bpm. Dance music can easely reach120 bpm. 

Melody

Melody is the overarching tune created by playing a succession or series of notes, and it is affected by pitch and rhythm. A composition may have a single melody that runs through once, or there may be multiple melodies arranged in a verse-chorus form, as you will find in rock 'n' roll. In classical music, the melody is usually repeated as a recurring musical theme that varies as the composition progresses.

Timbre

Also known as tone color, timbre refers to the quality of sound that distinguishes one voice or instrument from another. It may range from dull to lush and from dark to bright, depending on technique. For example, a clarinet playing an uptempo melody in the mid to upper register could be described as having a bright timbre. That same instrument slowly playing a monotone in its lowest register could be described as having a dull timbre.

Rythm

The repeated patterns of movement in sound. Basically, rhythm is the placement of sound in time. It involves specific units of sounds arranged as beats. 

Harmony

Harmony is what you hear when two or more notes or chords are played at the same time. Harmony supports the melody and gives it texture. Harmonic chords may be described as major, minor, augmented, or diminished, depending on the notes being played together. 

Dynamics

The volume of a performance. In written compositions, dynamics are indicated by abbreviations or symbols that signify the intensity at which a note or passage should be played or sung. They can be used like punctuation in a sentence to indicate precise moments of emphasis. Dynamics are derived from Italian. Read a score and you'll see words like pianissimo used to indicate a very soft passage and fortissimo to indicate a very loud section, for instance.

Rythm

Dynamics

Tempo

Melody

Timbre

MUSIC EXPAND

In expand we listen to music from the individual (alone) and cooperative (together) 

dimension

You can play music alone (solo).Watch the video (top)

To play together you must interact with each other. An orchestra is usually led by 

a conductor, especially if there is a choir involved. Watch the second video.

In an orchestra the so-called classical instruments play, these are:

Strings: violin, viola, cello, bass violin

Woodwinds: flute, oboe, bassoon, saxophone

Brass: trumpet, trombone, horn, tuba

Percussion: f.e. timpani, xylophone, bass drum, gong

Pop instruments are: Electric guitar, bass guitar, drum kit, (electr.) piano, keyboard, synthesizer

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1. Sometimes there is a mix of pop and classical. Watch this
performance of Within Temptation
a. Discribe what classical and what pop instruments you hear in the
video.
b. Write down your opinion about the colloboration between classical
and pop music.

2. A very special colloboration is the one of the Kyteman orchestra.
Kyteman (Colin Benders) composes the music, he plays the trumpet and
also conducts the orchestra and choir He mixes all kinds of styles from
hiphop to jazz. He performed at Pinkpop and Lowlands. Since a couple of
years he has owned his ‘Kytopia’ a place where he makes music with a lot
of other musicians. In 2009 he had a huge hit with Sorry.
a. Is this pop or classical music? Explain