3.4 The tropical climate

3.4 The tropical climate
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3.4 The tropical climate

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

Learning objectives:
After studying this section, you will be able to:
  • Describe the two types of tropical climate;
  • Explain how the sun causes the wet and dry seasons in the savannah climate.

Slide 2 - Tekstslide

The tropics, the subtropics and other geographical zones on Earth.

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

Slide 4 - Video

Climate graph for Bandung, Indonesia (Af).
Climate graph for Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Aw).

Slide 5 - Tekstslide

 The savannah landscape in Tanzania.
Tropical rainforest in Australia.

Slide 6 - Tekstslide

Slide 7 - Video

Monsoon climate = Climate zone with high temperatures and a specific dry period and also very high precipitation events during the wet season.

Slide 8 - Tekstslide

Slide 9 - Tekstslide

Slide 10 - Video

Convectional rainfall
High levels of solar radiation in the tropics lead to convectional rainfall.

How it is formed:
  1. Energy from the sun heats up the land and the air above;
  2. A high rate of evaporation;
  3. The warm and humid air rises;
  4. Warm wet air rises and cools down;
  5. Clouds are formed and rain will fall.

Slide 11 - Tekstslide

Three types of rainfall
There are three types of rainfall:
  1. Precipitation caused by incoming solar radiation = Convectional rainfall.
  2. Rainfall caused by the meeting of a warm and cold front = Frontal rainfall.
  3. Rainfall caused by air that is pushed up by a mountain ridge = orographic rainfall or relief rainfall.

The next slide shows a link to a website with an animation about all three types of rainfall.

Slide 12 - Tekstslide

Slide 13 - Link

Hadley cell circulation
Hadley cell
Tropical atmospheric circulation.

Trade winds
Prevailing winds in the tropics, blowing from east to west.

Intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)
Area where the northern and southern trade winds come together, causing rising air and thunderstorms.

ITCZ

Slide 14 - Tekstslide

The ITCZ – a low pressure area, in January and July.

Slide 15 - Tekstslide

Homework 3HT
Friday 7 February, 6th hour:
  • Study 3.1 to 3.3
  • Read 3.4 and do ex. 1 to 12

Slide 16 - Tekstslide

Homework 3VT
Friday 7 February, 4th hour:
  • Study 3.1 to 3.3
  • Read 3.4 and do ex. 1 to 12

Slide 17 - Tekstslide