Tijdvak 6 - regenten en vorsten - les 10

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 2

Today's planning

* Repetition of 4.4

* Check your results of the practise test

Philip II is not very popular with the Dutch people. Why?

1. He is ruthless against protestants.
2. higher taxes that have to be paid.
3. Centralization and loss of privileges
4. All of the above

In April 1566 hundreds of nobles marched on the palace of Margaret of Parma (governor). They wanted her to stop the persecution (vervolging) of Protestants. The governor temporarily (tijdelijk) ended the prosecutions. Calvinists openly start hedge-preaching (hagenpreken). 

Iconoclastic Fury

During one of these hedge-preachings a preacher in Flanders raged about he worshipping of saints, a Catholic tradition. In the form of statues or icons. Calvinists took action immediately and started to smash all the statues in the nearest monastery (klooster). 

What do we call this outrage towards Catholic statues and images?

Moving on..

The revolt begins..

The iconoclastic fury angered Philip. He sent the Duke (hertog) of Alba to the Netherlands with an army.

Alva wanted to mercilessly (genadeloos) punish all the perpatrators (daders) of the fury. 

He sentenced hundreds of people to death. 

The duke of Alba

3 goals:

• To punish the perpetrators
• To make sure that every person in the Dutch provinces is a Catholic.
• To appoint a central government.

Council of Troubles, better known as the Council of Blood (bloedraad)

The Dutch Revolt

Many nobles fled to Germany or France, among them was William of Orange, stadholder of Utrecht, Holland and Zeeland. William planned an attack on Alva and his army and by doing so he started the Dutch revolt or the Eighty years' war (1568-1648)

However this attack failed and the order was restored for a short time. 

The Dutch Revolt

Some fanatic calvinists had fled to the sea, calling themselves 'Sea beggars' (watergeuzen). On April 1st 1572 they conquered the port of Den Briel. William of Orange returned to Holland to lead the revolt. 

In december 1572 Spanish troops marched on holland again. The city of Naarden surrendered quickly. 

What can you do now?

- Check your practise test results

- Make your homework!

You should be finished with 4.4 already. 

Before class next week READ 4.5