2. § 4.1 The end of world empires

instruction
  • Characteristic aspect: nationalist movements in the colonies and the striving for independence.
  • Especially the situation in the Dutch Indies and the Middle East.

Extended instruction: ask questions

Practice:
Practice answering correctly and completely. Review your answers WB § 4.1

1 / 38
volgende
Slide 1: Tekstslide
GeschiedenisMiddelbare schoolhavo, vwoLeerjaar 3

In deze les zitten 38 slides, met interactieve quizzen, tekstslides en 4 videos.

time-iconLesduur is: 30 min

Onderdelen in deze les

instruction
  • Characteristic aspect: nationalist movements in the colonies and the striving for independence.
  • Especially the situation in the Dutch Indies and the Middle East.

Extended instruction: ask questions

Practice:
Practice answering correctly and completely. Review your answers WB § 4.1

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

Looking back

Slide 2 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

Deepening
Characteristic aspect: nationalist movements in the colonies and the striving for independence.
- Dutch Indies
- Middle East

Slide 4 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

How did the Second World War strengthen Asian nationalism? Mention three causes.
timer
1:30

Slide 5 - Open vraag

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

After the capitulation of Japan, the Indonesian nationalist Soekarno proclaimed the independent republic of Indonesia. The Netherlands did not accept this proclamation.

This caused the Indonesian War of Independence (1945-1949) to break out. The Dutch government called the military operations in this war politionele acties ('police actions'), because they were supposed to be aimed at restoring domestic order.

Under pressure from the US and the UN, the Netherlands caved in. Queen Juliana signed the transfer of sovereignty on 27 September 1949.
Dutch decolonisation in Asia
proclamation:
announcement, declaration

politionele actie:
Dutch name for 2 military operations during the Indonesion war of independence

transfer of sovereignty:
officially giving the highest power to someone else.

Slide 6 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

21 July 1947 - 5 Aug. 1947
  • Operation Product / Agressi 1
Goal: restore authority in Indonesia
  • Military success
Reactions: Criticism by the UN and others
9 Dec. 1948 - 5 Jan. 1949
  • Operatie Crow / Agressi 2
Goals:
  • Destruction of the Republic of Indonesia
  • Capturing leaders
  • Military success
    Reacties
    • UN demands that Republic of Indonesia  be restored.
    • US threatens to cut off Marshall aid


    UNDERTAKE POLICE ACTION
    So ... and what do the gents think they are doing?
     ... are we declaring independence?

    Slide 7 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    The term "police actions" (politionele acties) is
    clearly a POV. Explain this by including at least 4 W's
    in your answer: who, what, where, why?
    timer
    2:00

    Slide 8 - Open vraag

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Deepening
    Characteristic aspect: nationalist movements in the colonies and the striving for independence.
    - Dutch Indies
    - Middle East

    Slide 9 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Slide 10 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    The Great War (1914 - 1918)

    Slide 11 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Balfourverklaring
    a letter that changed the world

    Slide 12 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Check out the history of the problems in
    Middle East in a nutshell.

    Slide 13 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    we are nearly there ...

    Slide 14 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Practice answering correctly and completely.

    Review your answers of
    WB § 4.1

    Ask questions or go to the last part of this lesson.
    if you do not understand something
    Ready?
    Make detailed notes in your notebook on the CA:
    who, what, where, when, how and why.

    Slide 15 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    instruction
    • Characteristic aspect: nationalist movements in the colonies and the striving for independence.
    • Especially the situation in the Dutch Indies and the Middle East.

    Extended instruction: ask questions

    Practice:
    Practice answering correctly and completely. Review your answers WB § 4.1
    Make detailed notes in your notebook on the CA:
    who, what, where, when, how and why.
    Watch video § 4.2 part 1 &
    take notes

    Read TB § 4.2
    R-group turns TB § 4.2 into a summary/mindmap
    Review your work on WB § 4.1
    upload in magister opdrachten
    To do before the next lesson

    Slide 16 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Ask 1 question about something you have not understood so well in this lesson

    Slide 17 - Open vraag

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    What did you learn today?
    Name at least 2 points.

    Slide 18 - Open vraag

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Extended instruction
    Ask for explanation of what you don't know or understand

    Slide 19 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    WWII had strengthened nationalism in Asia.

    The Japanese had turned the indigenous peoples against the West.
    As a result, Asia decolonised rapidly after the war.

    The new superpowers, the US and the Soviet Union, were opponents of colonialism and supported decolonisation.
    Post WWII influence

    Slide 20 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    The British, too, were in favour of decolonisation after 1945.

    In 1947, they handed over power in British East Indies. This led to violence between Muslims and Hindus.

    The colony was split into the states of
    •     India (Hindus),
    •     Pakistan (Muslims) &
    •     Bangladesh (Muslims).
    British
    decolonisation in Asia

    Slide 21 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies


    The French did not leave Indochina (now Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia) voluntarily.

    After a colonial war, they allowed these colonies to become independent in 1954.

    French
    decolonisation in Asia

    Slide 22 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Slide 23 - Video

    Bij instellingen kan je de Engelse ondertiteling automatisch vertalen in het Nederlands



    Soekarno roept de onafhankelijk uit
    17 August 1945
    Sukarno proclaims independence

    Slide 24 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    3

    Slide 25 - Video

    Filmpje nav 75 jaar einde WOII (15 aug 2020)
    08:00
    What is the meaning of the word 'Bersiap' (= Malay)?
    A
    Freedom
    B
    Peace
    C
    Beware
    D
    Attack

    Slide 26 - Quizvraag

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    08:25
    What was the name of the Dutch army in the East Indies?
    A
    Koninklijk Nationaal Indisch Leger / Royal Dutch East Indies Army
    B
    Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger / Royal Dutch East Indies Army
    C
    Koninklijk Nederlands Indonesisch Leger / Royal Dutch Indonesian Army
    D
    Koninklijk Nationaal Indonesisch Leger / Royal National Indonesian Army

    Slide 27 - Quizvraag

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    08:34
    Why did the Dutch call these military actions "police actions"?
    timer
    1:30

    Slide 28 - Open vraag

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Bersiap-period
    autumn 1945- spring 1946

    • Authority vacuum: unclear who really had the power, so pedoemas (young Indonesians) could do as they pleased (without intervention).

    • Very violent period with thousands of victims (mainly Dutch and pro-Dutch groups)

    Slide 29 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    On the website of NPO kennis (see link next slide) the history of the independence of Indonesia, and its consequences, is explained in a simple but clear way.

    Slide 30 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Slide 31 - Link

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    And now what...?
    The English are around, but do not want a new war: the Netherlands has to solve it itself

    The Netherlands does not want to acknowledge the independent Republic of Indonesia at all.

    The Dutch government does not want to talk to Soekarno (traitor and rebel)

    Slide 32 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    1st Police action
    (July 1947 - Jan 1948)
    Operation Product (Agresi 1): restoration of Dutch authority.

    Deliberate choice for the name 'police' action and not for the word 'military' or 'war'.

    Militarily a success, politically not: the Republic remained and there was a lot of criticism from abroadet woord 'militair', of 'oorlog'.

    Militair een succes, politiek niet: Republiek bleef bestaan en er kwam veel kritiek uit het buitenland

    Slide 33 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    2nd Police action
    (Dec 1948 - Jan 1949)
    Operation Crow (Agresi 2):
    destroy Republic of Indonesia and capture leaders

    The Netherlands wanted to settle quickly the unrest in the Dutch East Indies: cost too much money

    Again, militarily speaking, a success (note: war crimes were committed on a large scale)

    Slide 34 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Slide 35 - Tekstslide

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Should the Netherlands apologise for its role in Indonesia's colonial past?
    0100

    Slide 36 - Poll

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Slide 37 - Video

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies

    Slide 38 - Video

    Deze slide heeft geen instructies