Passives

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2,3

A passive voice headline tells what happened, but hides the who.

What is a passive?

Use:

• When you do not know who caused the action or it isn’t important 

        “My bike was stolen last week.”

• When you want to emphasise the person doing the action (mostly in written English). “Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.”
  
• Passive is often used in newspapers in English. 

        “The suspect was believed to have broken into several homes.

Form:

to be + past participle (voltooid deelwoord)                                           "Mike was driven to school."

 De vorm van ‘to be’ geeft aan in welke tijd de zin staat!

How to form a passive sentence?

How to form a passive sentence when an active sentence is given:

• object of the active sentence becomes subject (onderwerp) in the passive sentence
  
• subject (onderwerp) of the active sentence becomes object in the passive sentence (or is left out)
  

You can only form a passive sentence from an active sentence when there is an object in the active sentence.

Active: Peter builds a house.

Passive: A house is built by Peter.

6 stappen

1. Wissel onderwerp – lijdend voorwerp/ meewerkend voorwerp

2. Staat er een hulpwerkwoord in, neem dit over en pas vorm eventueel aan

3. Kijk naar de tijd van de hoofdzin en zet de vorm van to be in dezelfde tijd als waarin het hoofdwerkwoord staat

4. Vul aan met het voltooid deelwoord van het hoofdwerkwoord

5. Is het belangrijk te vermelden wie de ‘agent’ is, dan zet je dit achteraan in de zin, maar wel voor de tijdsbepaling!

6. Plaats de plaats & tijdsbepaling achteraan in de zin. Tijd mag ook vooraan.

Voorbeeld

Active: The sharks are hunting the fish in the sea.

1. The fish
2. The fish are
3. The fish are being (Present continuous= am/are/is + ww+ing, van to be = being)
   
4. The fish are being hunted
5. The fish are being hunted by the sharks.
6. The fish are being hunted by the sharks in the sea.

Present Simple

A: Peter designs robots.

P: Robots are designed by Peter.

Past Simple

A: Michael Jackson wrote dozens of songs.

P: Dozens of songs were written by Michael Jacksons.

Present Continous

A: I am writing this note.

P: The note is being written to me.

Past Continuous : was/were + infinitief + ing

A: The children were singing a carol.

P: A carol was being sung by the children.

Present Perfect

A: The storm has damaged many houses.

P: Many houses have been damaged by the storm.

Past Perfect

A: The council had made new plans for more houses.

P: New plans for more houses had been made by the council.

Time to check!

Wat is belangrijker bij de passive?

1. het onderwerp
2. het lijdend voorwerp

Wat is een voorbeeld van de passive?

1. My grandmother ran over her dog.
2. Her dog was run over by my grandmother.

Kies de juiste Passive:

Active: I learnt the passive!

1. The passive was learnt by me.
2. The passive was being learnt by me.
3. The passive learned me
4. The passive had been learnt by me.

Hoe maak je de passive?

1. have/has + verleden tijd
2. to be + voltooid deelwoord
3. to be + onregelmatig werkwoord
4. have/has + voltooid deelwoord

Actieve zin: The teacher explained the passive
Passive:

1. The passive was explained by the teacher
2. The passive is explained by the teacher
3. The teacher is being explained the passive
4. The passive is explaining the teacher

Kies de juiste Passive:
Active: The teacher is explaining the passive

1. The passive is being explained by the teacher
2. The passive was being explained by the teacher
3. The teacher is explaining the passive
4. The passive is explaining the teacher

Kies de juiste Passive:
Active sentence: I dye my hair mahogany every month.

1. My hair was dyed mahogany every month.
2. I am dying my hair mahogany every month.
3. My hair is dyed mahogany every month.
4. My hair dyed mahogany every month.

A: The teacher has explained the grammar rules.

A: The chef had prepared the meal before the guests arrived.

A: The police were questioning the suspect.

What's next?

- Par I - Writing & grammar: Ex. 52, 53, 54 and 55 (p. 90-93).

- Check your answers.

- Finish reading exam (Eindexamensite).