theme 6 A3B

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

theme 6: DOWN UNDER

Theme 6: Down Under

What is the name for a baby koala?

1. jerboa
2. jumbuck
3. jenny
4. joey

What feature do adult platypuses lack?

1. tail
2. teeth
3. nose
4. eyes

What is the most deadly Australian animal?

1. giant hornet
2. killer kangeroo
3. crocodile
4. jelly fish

What kind of animal is a kangaroo?

1. amphibian
2. marsupial
3. carnivore
4. oviparous

What does the kangaroo excel in?

1. swimming
2. flying
3. jumping
4. running

How many baby kangaroos are usually born at a time to a single mother?

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4

MAORI TATTOO ART

The Maori are the indigenous people of New Zealand. They originated from Polynesia and have been living in the country since time immemorial. Today, approximately 600,000 people in New Zealand consider themselves Maori. They are the second-largest ethnic group in the country, making up roughly 15% of the total population. There are also over 120,000 Maori living in Australia. The Maori have a unique culture with their own language (known as Te Reo Maori), mythology and art, including a form of body art that is considered highly sacred. It is known as moko, but more commonly referred to as Maori tattooing. For Maori, tattooing was (and for some, still is) a rite of passage. The tattooing would usually begin during adolescence. Often the tattoo was a symbol of social status and prestige and covered the whole face. 

MAORI TATTOO ART

A person who did not have a high-ranking social status, such as a slave, could not have a face tattoo. Only influential people were allowed to – and could afford to – have tattoos. Priests, who have high status amongst the Maori, were an exception. They, too, were not allowed to get tattooed, because the spilling of their blood was prohibited. Those who had the means to get a tattoo, but did not, were seen as people of lower social status. Also, it was considered highly insulting to be unable to recognise a person’s power and position by his tattoo.

MAORI TATTOO ART

The Maori facial tattoo was not only seen as a sign of rank, but was also used as a kind of identification card, or passport. For men, their face tattoo showed their accomplishments, ancestry and marital status. Females were not as extensively tattooed as the men. Their upper lips were outlined, usually in dark blue, and the nostrils were often also very fi nely decorated. Tattooed women were seen as very beautiful and desirable. 

MAORI TATTOO ART

Moko traditionally did not involve the use of needles; rather, the Maori used knives and chisels made from shark teeth, sharpened bone or sharp stones. Having a Maori tattoo applied was a very painful experience. First, deep cuts were incised into the skin and then the chisel was dipped into the pigment and tapped into the cuts. Another variation of this process involved dipping the chisel into the jar of pigment and inserting it into the skin by striking the end with a hammer. This manner of tattooing leaves the skin with grooves after healing, instead of the usual smooth surface left after needlepoint tattoos. During the tattooing process, flute music and chants were performed to help soothe the pain.

MAORI TATTOO ART

By the mid 19th century, full facial moko were applied less often. Since the 1990s, however, Maori tattooing has experienced a resurgence. Nowadays, the tattooing is often done with the use of modern machines. Since tribal tattoo patterns grew in popularity in the late 1990s, more and more non-Maori have been copying designs and incorporating them in their own tattoo art. More traditional Maori art has been making a comeback and people have been inserting their own meanings and themes into the more traditional art work.

Grammar explanation

De present perfect continuous maak je als volgt:

has / have (not) been + infinitief (hele werkwoord) + ing. 

Je gebruikt deze tijd om aan te geven dat iets is begonnen in het verleden en nu nog voortduurt: I have been playing fortnight all morning.

Je gebruikt de present perfect continuous als je wilt benadrukken dat je vindt dat iets al lang aan de gang is, of om te benadrukken dat iets nog niet afgerond is:  This quarantaine has been going on since March.

 Je gebruikt de present perfect continuous ook als iets ‘de laatste tijd’ vaker gebeurt: The sun has been shining a lot lately.

Rewrite the sentence using the present perfect continuous:

My friends have done their homework faithfully the last weeks.

Rewrite the sentence using the present perfect continuous:

My grandmother gave me some nice cookies the last few times I saw her.

Rewrite the sentence using the present perfect continuous:

My teachers were wondering about my whereabouts because I failed to attend a few classes.

Grammar explanation

Je gebruikt geen lidwoord:

• bij leden van een groep (wel bij een groep als geheel):  People think Australians are really laid-back. MAAR: The Australians are tough to beat at rugby.

• na both, all en most:  Most people don't like rain.

• bij titels en functies uitgevoerd door één persoon: She is prime minister of New Zealand.

• bij (samenstellingen met) continenten, landen, plaatsnamen, straten en meren, tenzij de naam een lidwoord bevat, zoals the Netherlands: Can you take me to Manchester Airport? We took the bus to Oxford Street.

• in een aantal vaste uitdrukkingen: I love to spend my time at sea. She is hurt, you have to take her to hospital.

My best friend is ... science teacher.

1. -
2. a
3. an

... both girls like reading.

1. -
2. the
3. a
4. an

My cousin lives near ... London Street.

1. -
2. the
3. a
4. an

We always go surfing in ... summer.

1. -
2. the
3. a
4. an

My father was ... mechanic.

1. -
2. the
3. a
4. an

Wednesday 10th June, 2020

• Do ex. 16 (p. 34 activity book) = watching
• Do ex. 17 and 18 (p. 35 activity book) = listening
• read text on p.90 and 91 textbook together
• Do ex. 19, 20 and 21 (p. 35, 36 and 37 activity book ) = reading