Industrial Revolution

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Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution

Today's learning goals

Main learning goal: You can describe the technological advancements made during the industrial revolution, and identify their impact on the world (e.g., societies, economies, warfare, international relations).

In order to accomplish this goal you will need:

1. to describe the industrial revolution, using the keywords agrarian society, mechanisation, industrial society.

2. to explain how the industrial revolution led to the rise of a large, impoverished working class.

3. to give five examples of technologies developed during the industrial revolution, and describe their impact on the world.

What is an agrarian society?

Agrarian society

A society where agriculture and trade are the most imporact sectors of the economy.

Most people lived for centuries in an agrarian society, as a farmer or craftsman (=handwerklieden).

From agrarian to industrial

• In the course of the nineteenth century, societies in Europe changed from a agrarian society to an industrial society.

• Industrial society: a society that has mechanised most production processes, and where mining and industry are the most important sectors of the economy.

• Starting in Britain in early 19th century, gradually expanding across Europe.

Changes during the I.R.

• Development of steam power
• Mechanization of textile products
  
• Rise of coal and iron mines
• Lots of inventions of new machinery and tools

What is NOT an invention created during the Industrial Revolution?

1. Steam Engine
2. Telegraph
3. Train
4. Electricity

Steam engine

First invented in 1712 by Thomas Newcomen, but improved by James Watt in 1770.

It kickstarted the Industrial Revolution: it could pump water from coal mines and power factories and ships (and later on trains). 

Improvement in communication

Inventions of the telegraph (1840s) and the telephone (1876) revolutionized communication. People could talk to each other much faster. 

Improvement in transport

Trains, steamships were invented to transport goods faster. People weren't dependent on wind or horses anymore.

In 1886 invented Karl Benz the first automobile with an internal combustion engine.

Birth of electricity

In early 1800s, Allesandro Volta invented the first batteries.

In the 1870s en 1880s practical systems for the generation, distribution and use of electricity took place, with the help of Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla.

Which inventions from the Industrial Revolution do we still use today?

What was a negative development of the Industrial Revolution?

Poverty in the working class

The working class  emerged during the Industrial Revolution.

Workers lived in tiny houses, earning low salaries and working more than 12 hours per day.

Protests of the workers earned them protection through legislation. (=wetgeving).

Time to work!

Go to Learnbeat 1.1 B: Lesson 1: The Industrial Revolution

Read the pages and make the checkup questions

At the end of class we will check the answers together.