3.3 Feudal system -TEACH-

AGE 3: The Time of monks and knights
3.5 Feudalism and the Manorial system
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HistoryMiddelbare schoolhavo, vwoLeerjaar 1

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AGE 3: The Time of monks and knights
3.5 Feudalism and the Manorial system

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Slide 2 - Video

lesson 3.3
The three estates (de drie standen)

Estate : a group to which you belonged from birth.

There were 3 estates:
1st estate: CLERGY (geestelijkheid)
  •           who? everybody who worked for the Catholic Church
  •           for example:  monks, priests, bishops, the pope
  •           task: PRAY for the people

Slide 3 - Slide



2nd estate: NOBILITY (de adel)
  •           who? rich land owners
  •           for example:  a count (graaf), a duke (hertog), the                 king
  •           task: PROTECT the people

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3rd estate: PEASANTS (de boeren)
  •           who? everybody else
  •           for example:  peasants (90%), craftsmen, soldiers,
  •           task: WORK (mainly provide all the food)

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THE FEUDAL SYSTEM

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MONARCH
(KING/EMPEROR)
THE FEUDAL SYSTEM

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MONARCH
(KING/EMPEROR)
NOBLES
(DUKE, COUNT)
THE FEUDAL SYSTEM

Slide 8 - Slide

MONARCH
(KING/EMPEROR)
NOBLES
(DUKE, COUNT)
FIEF (LAND)
THE FEUDAL SYSTEM

Slide 9 - Slide

MONARCH
(KING/EMPEROR)
NOBLES
(DUKE, COUNT)

KNIGHTS / LOWER NOBLES

FIEF (LAND)
THE FEUDAL SYSTEM

Slide 10 - Slide

MONARCH
(KING/EMPEROR)
NOBLES
(DUKE, COUNT)

KNIGHTS / LOWER NOBLES

FIEF (LAND)
LEASE OUT PART
 OF THEIR FIEF
THE FEUDAL SYSTEM

Slide 11 - Slide

MONARCH
(KING/EMPEROR)
NOBLES
(DUKE, COUNT)

KNIGHTS / LOWER NOBLES


PEASANTS / SERFS

FIEF (LAND)
LEASE OUT PART
 OF THEIR FIEF
THE FEUDAL SYSTEM

Slide 12 - Slide

MONARCH
(KING/EMPEROR)
NOBLES
(DUKE, COUNT)

KNIGHTS / LOWER NOBLES


PEASANTS / SERFS

FIEF (LAND)
LEASE OUT PART
 OF THEIR FIEF
PROTECTION
THE FEUDAL SYSTEM

Slide 13 - Slide

MONARCH
(KING/EMPEROR)
NOBLES
(DUKE, COUNT)

KNIGHTS / LOWER NOBLES


PEASANTS / SERFS

FIEF (LAND)
LEASE OUT PART
 OF THEIR FIEF
PROTECTION
FOOD & SERVICES
THE FEUDAL SYSTEM

Slide 14 - Slide

MONARCH
(KING/EMPEROR)
NOBLES
(DUKE, COUNT)

KNIGHTS / LOWER NOBLES


Free PEASANTS / SERFS

FIEF (LAND)
LEASE OUT PART
 OF THEIR FIEF
PROTECTION
FOOD & SERVICES
PROTECTION / MILITARY SERVICE
THE FEUDAL SYSTEM

Slide 15 - Slide

MONARCH
(KING/EMPEROR)
NOBLES
(DUKE, COUNT)

KNIGHTS / LOWER NOBLES


PEASANTS / SERFS

FIEF (LAND)
LEASE OUT PART
 OF THEIR FIEF
PROTECTION
FOOD & SERVICES
LOYALTY /  MILITARY SERVICE
LOYALTY / ADVISE / MILITARY SUPPORT / MONEY
THE FEUDAL SYSTEM

Slide 16 - Slide

In the Feudal System:

  • The nobles became the king's VASSALS (= leenmannen)
  • The knights became the nobles' vassals
  • The person above you was your LORD
  • Eventually, from the bottom upwards, everybody was LOYAL to the monarch

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A
A
Feudal System
Manor System

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The Manor System:

  • = the bottom part of the Feudal pyramid.
  • = a deal between the SERFS and their LORD

  • The Manor = the land on which the lord and the serfs lived.
  • In short: the serfs can use the lord's land and must work for him in exchange for protection


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manor house
The place where the lord lived and from where he ruled the village. 
Many times the manor was fortified by walls. Sometimes the manor was built on top of a small hill and surrounded by a palissade. 
The manor farm consisted of the manor (= fortified farmhouse / castle) + some land with orchards, farming fields and work places around it. 

mill
The mill was where people grounded wheat and grain. 
It was owned by the lord.
Serf peasants could use the mill to grind their grain, but of course they had to pay the lord for this. The payment was not money, but a percentage of the produce of the peasant.
farm
The houses the peasants (= farmers) lived in were not as nice as the manor house. They were thatched roofed
The palissade surrounds the manor farm. If the domain is attacked the peasants can find shelter within the walls of the manor farm.
Peasants worked on farm land for the lord in exchange for protection and land.
church
The church is where holy events took place (weddings, sermons, funerals). The church is also where the sick would be taken care of.
Sometimes the lord used this place to speak justice. He could hand out punishments to criminals.
A Shepard worked with the livestock in the fields. This would help produce food and cloth for the village
orchard
the manor's orchard. 
servile duties
This meant that serfs needed to work for the lord two or three days a week. They worked the lord's fields, or built and repaired his palissade.
The Manor
A. where the lord lives
B. Domain: where the peasants live

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PEASANTS & SERFS

They are both farmers
The difference:

  • Peasants are free farmers and have their own farmland. But they must pay taxes to their lord
  • Serfs are not-free farmers. They are bound to the lord's land must work for the lord in exchange for protection

Slide 21 - Slide

The manor system:
a deal between the lord and his serfs

Slide 22 - Slide