3.4 Urban Culture in the Netherlands

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Learning goals

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

-explain how freedom of thought lead to more science.

-what the scientific revolution was about

What is tolerance?

Faith and tolerance 

• Calvinist church in the Netherlands
  

Tolerance: accepting dissenters

• Catholic, Protestant or the Jewish faith

• No king to say what to believe
  

• Churches of refuge: 'Ons Lieve Heer op Solder'

LHBTQ+

Why did NL have to be tolerant in religion?

Portuguese synagogue Amsterdam

The Portuguese synagogue in Amsterdam. Etching by Romeyn de Hooghe from 1675, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Why were Jews allowed to build synagogues and Catholics not allowed to build churches?

Is that a political, economic or cultural/religious motive?

Jewish philospher

• Baruch Spinoza: god is not a supreme being, god is in everything

• Rationalism - man must dare to think for himself instead of referring to God in everything.

Scientific

revolution

• Antonie van Leeuwenhoek:
  
• red blood cells, bacteria
  

Christiaan Huygens: the microscope, pendulum clock

Hugo de Groot: the law of war and peace

Baruch Spinoza: god is not a supreme being, god is in everything

Scientific Revolution

• Rapid development in Western Europe in the fields of invention and science.
  
• Possible due to freedom of thought, curiosity and own faith.
  
• Rationalism: tried to understand the world with reason rather than from faith.
  
• - Free thinking
  
• - Doing research
  
• - Testing