Session 1- Unit 203- Advise and Consult week 1 Media

• Hairdressing
• Further Education (Key Stage 5)

203 /240 

Client care and consultation 

Session objectives

By the end of the session you will be able to... 

• Recall  the main characteristics of the Hair structure 
• Complete the revision task  for Health and safety Legislations- Revision Clock- recall employer and employee requirements for each legislation 
• Be able to recall the four different hair growth patterns 
• Be able to define the difference between characteristics and classifications 

Write down as many different facts about the hair structure.

Unit 203- Advise and Consult 

Cuticle 

• Is made up of transparent overlapping scales 
• Heat/ chemicals will open the cuticles 
• The cuticle scales should ideally be closed from root to tip to give the hair shine and lustre 
• Healthy hair reflects light 
• Damaged cuticle scales will make the hair feel porous and appear dull
• When the hair is in good condition they are water repellent and when in poor condition they will allow more water to be absorbed into the hair making it more porous. 

What happens when the cuticle scales are damaged?

1. Hair loses color
2. Hair feels porous and appears dull
3. Hair grows faster
4. Hair becomes thicker

What can open the cuticles?

1. Water
2. Sunlight
3. Heat/chemicals
4. Brushing

What is the cuticle made up of?

1. Transparent overlapping scales
2. Sebaceous glands
3. Protein fibers
4. Melanin pigment

Cortex 

• This is the section under the cuticle and is where most the action happens.  
• Your natural colour is determined in the cortex and this is where artificial colouring mostly takes place.
• It is this layer that has the bonds which hold your hair in place to determine if your hair is straight, wavy, curly or very curly. 
• Where the hair is temporarily or chemically changed from straight to curly or curly to straight. 
• It is the main part of the hair that gives it's strength and elasticity.  

Which part of the hair is responsible for its strength and elasticity?

1. Cuticle
2. Epidermis
3. Medulla
4. Cortex

Which layer of the hair holds the bonds to determine its texture?

1. Epidermis
2. Medulla
3. Cortex
4. Cuticle

Medulla  

• The medulla is the least interesting layer. 
• it is the central part of the hair but is not always present. 
•  In a single strand it may fade in and out when analysed under a microscope  or it may be present all the way through in some hair types.
• it tends to appear in more thicker or coarser hair textures. 

In which hair types is the medulla more likely to be present all the way through?

1. Blonde or brunette hair types
2. Thicker or coarser hair types
3. Curly or wavy hair types
4. Thin or fine hair types

Is the medulla always present in every strand of hair?

1. No
2. Sometimes
3. Yes
4. It depends on the hair type

Can you list all the hair growth patterns

Hair Growth patterns 

Double crown

Nape Whorl

Widows Peak 

Cow lick

Double Crown: A standard hair crown is a circle of hair that grows around a visible centre point on the head in a clockwise direction. However, a double crown describes two small, circular areas of baldness on your head.

Cows Lick: A cowlick is a section of human hair that stands straight up or lies at an angle at odds with the style in which the rest of an individual's hair is worn. 

 Nape whorl: a specific pattern of growth in which a section of the hair grows in a spiral or curved shape at the nape of the neck

Widows peak: A widow's peak is a V-shaped point in the hairline in the centre of the forehead. Hair growth on the forehead

What is a widow's peak?

1. A V-shaped point in the hairline on the forehead
2. A specific pattern of growth at the nape of the neck
3. Two small circular areas of baldness on the head
4. A section of hair that stands straight up or lies at an angle

What is a cowlick?

1. Two small circular areas of baldness on the head
2. A section of hair that stands straight up or lies at an angle
3. A specific pattern of growth at the nape of the neck
4. A V-shaped point in the hairline on the forehead

What is a double crown?

1. A V-shaped point in the hairline on the forehead
2. A specific pattern of growth at the nape of the neck
3. A section of hair that stands straight up
4. Two small circular areas of baldness on the head

Can you list the Hair characteristics?

Hair Characteristics 

Hair Density 

Hair Texture 

Hair Growth Patterns 

Elasticity 

Porosity 

Hair Condition 

Hair Density 

Hair density refers to the amount of hair and is described as Sparse, Average ( Medium)  or Abundant.

• Sparse hair often means the hair is fine and there is not a lot of it covering the head. The scalp may be visible through the hair, less product will be required and the types of hairstyles that will suit this density will need to be considered.
  
• Abundant hair means the client has a full head of hair, this may be fine or coarse in texture
• Abundant hair requires more product more drying time, it will take longer for services to be carried out.
• Sparse hair- Cutting techniques will need to be considered as the hair may need to be thinned out.
  

What should be considered when dealing with abundant hair?

1. More product and drying time are required
2. Less product and drying time are required
3. The scalp is visible through the hair
4. The hair needs to be thinned out

What does sparse hair mean?

1. Hair that is straight and long
2. Hair that is fine and not a lot of it
3. Hair that is curly and frizzy
4. Hair that is thick and abundant

What does hair density refer to?

1. The texture of hair
2. The length of hair
3. The color of hair
4. The amount of hair

Hair Texture 

Hair texture refers to the thickness of each strand of hair and is described as

Fine, Medium or Coarse.

• Fine hair has a small circumferences and fewer layers of cuticle scales.
  
• Medium hair is greater in circumferences than fine hair with an average numbers of layers.
  
• Coarse hair a large circumference and the most layers of cuticle scales.
  
• Fine hair will absorb chemicals much faster than coarse hair because there are fewer cuticle scales. 
• Coarse hair can often be resistant to chemicals.
  
• A porosity test can be carried out on all textures to check whether these cuticle scales are rough and open, or smooth and closed.
  

Which hair texture absorbs chemicals faster?

1. Fine
2. Coarse
3. Medium

Which hair texture has the most layers of cuticle scales?

1. Medium
2. Fine
3. Coarse

Which hair texture has the smallest circumference?

1. Fine
2. Coarse
3. Medium

Hair Elasticity 

Refers to how weak or strong the hair is and whether the cortex layer has been damaged.

You will need to consider if the hair is strong enough to take additional chemicals or whether to advise another product i.e. colour or styling products.

Consider how much tension is applied.

Why is hair elasticity important when considering additional chemicals?

1. To determine if the hair is strong enough
2. To enhance the color of the hair
3. To prevent hair breakage
4. To create unique hairstyles

Hair Condition 

Normal, dry, oily or damaged ( by chemicals or environmental, heat or lifestyle).

Identify how it has been damaged, advise client on how to prevent further damage and improve the condition.

Damaged hair is likely to have poor elasticity and or porosity.

Consider if a chemical treatment should be carried out.

What are some possible causes of damaged hair?

1. Environmental factors
2. Heat
3. Lifestyle
4. Chemicals

Can you list the Hair Classifications?

Hair Classifications 

Type 1- Straight Hair

Type 2- Wavy Hair

Type 3- Curly Hair

Type 4- Very Curly Hair 

What describes Hair Type 1a?

1. Coily and thick
2. Very straight and fine
3. Wavy and frizzy
4. Curly and bouncy

Which hair type is the most coarse?

1. Hair Type 1
2. Hair Type 4
3. Hair Type 3
4. Hair Type 2

What is a feature of Hair Type 2?

1. Tight curls
2. Straight and thin
3. Frizzy and coarse
4. Loose waves

Which hair type has a defined curl pattern?

1. Hair Type 2
2. Hair Type 4
3. Hair Type 3
4. Hair Type 1

What is Hair Type 1 characterised by?

1. Straight and smooth texture
2. Curly and voluminous texture
3. Wavy with frizz
4. Coily and tight curls

Define the difference between Hair Classifications and Hair Characteristics