V4 - comparisons, adjectives and adverbs

Comparisons, Adjectives & Adverbs
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Slide 1: Slide
EngelsMiddelbare schoolvwoLeerjaar 4

This lesson contains 39 slides, with interactive quizzes and text slides.

time-iconLesson duration is: 45 min

Items in this lesson

Comparisons, Adjectives & Adverbs

Slide 1 - Slide

Adjectives and adverbs
What is the difference between an adjective (bijvoeglijk naamwoord) and an adverb (bijwoord)?

Ellen is beautiful
Ellen sings beautifully

Daan is a good piano player
Daan plays the piano well

Slide 2 - Slide

Adjectives
An adjective describes someone or something
It says something about a noun (zelfstandig naamwoord)

The cat is very fat
The bicycle is red
Mike is a good student

Says something about what a person/thing is

Slide 3 - Slide

Adjectives
Je kunt de vraag stellen: ‘wat voor…?’

Het uitzicht was prachtig    (wat voor uitzicht was het?)    the view was wonderful

Het zijn goede muzikanten (wat voor muzikanten zijn het?) They are good musicians



Slide 4 - Slide

Adjectives
Bijvoeglijke naamwoorden met een getal schrijf je met streepjes ertussen

An eight-year-old boy
A 30-minute walk
A seven-week holiday

Slide 5 - Slide

Adverbs
Adverbs say something about words other than nouns (verb, adjective, another adverb, a phrase or sentence)
An adverb describes how/in what way something happens
It often says something about a verb

My brother smiles happily
The dog barks loudly
Jane works quickly

Slide 6 - Slide

Adverbs
Je kunt de vraag stellen: ‘Hoe …?’

We speelden niet slecht (hoe speelden jullie?) we didn’t play badly

Karin had alles perfect georganiseerd (hoe had Karin alles georganiseerd?) Karin had organised everything perfectly


Slide 7 - Slide

Adverbs
Adverbs can say something about adjectives

Frank is an extremely good singer
My brother is an awfully careful driver
It’s an absolutely perfect video clip

Slide 8 - Slide

Adverbs
Adverbs can say something about other adverbs

Frank sings absolutely beautifully
My brother drives very carefully
That clip was filmed extremely well


Slide 9 - Slide

Adverbs
Adverbs can say something about a phrase or sentence

Surely, that was a mistake
Fortunately, I had been able to reach him

Slide 10 - Slide

How to form an adverb
Put -ly after the adjective
  • Sure – surely, beautiful – beautifully

Sometimes the spelling changes:
y -> ily            easy – easily
le -> ly            probable– probably

Watch out: The adverb of 'good' is 'well'

Slide 11 - Slide

Adjectives & Adverbs
Adjectives:
My brother is a careful driver
It’s a perfect video clip
David is a quick writer

Adverbs:
My brother drives carefully
The video clip was filmed perfectly
David writes quickly



Slide 12 - Slide

Adjectives & Adverbs
Check:
Does it say something about a noun? Then it's an adjective.

Does it say something about any other type of word? Then it's an adverb.

Slide 13 - Slide

Let's practice
For the next couple of questions, select whether the *word* between the asterisk is an adjective or adverb

Slide 14 - Slide

She is a *wonderful* person

A
adjective
B
adverb

Slide 15 - Quiz

I have a *fantastic* brother
A
adjective
B
adverb

Slide 16 - Quiz

Steven learns very *quickly*

A
adjective
B
adverb

Slide 17 - Quiz

Those were some *easy* questions
A
adjective
B
adverb

Slide 18 - Quiz

Mark sings *well*
A
adjective
B
adverb

Slide 19 - Quiz

My new bicycle is *extremely* beautiful
A
adjective
B
adverb

Slide 20 - Quiz

Confusing adjectives & adverbs
Watch out: friendly, silly, lovely, unlikely are adjectives, not adverbs!

If you want to use them as adverbs, you need to use 'way' or 'manner'
  • He spoke in a very friendly way
  • They acted in a silly manner

Slide 21 - Slide

Confusing adjectives & adverbs
Difficult and impossible don't have adverbs, so you need to rephrase

That boy speaks with great difficulty
I can’t possibly visit you next week

Slide 22 - Slide

Confusing adjectives & adverbs
Words can be both adverbs and adjectives
This counts for words ending in –ly: daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, early
  • It’s a daily paper            It comes out daily
  • We took an early bus        We got up early

It also counts for: high, low, far, fast, wrong, strange

Slide 23 - Slide

Confusing adjectives & adverbs
Adjectives and their adverbs can have different meanings

Short – shortly
Hard – hardly
High – highly
Late – lately

Slide 24 - Slide

Confusing adjectives & adverbs
Na werkwoorden die een zintuiglijke waarneming uitdrukken, zoals taste, look, feel, smell, sound komt er een adjective, geen adverb

Your chocolates tasted very good
She looked bad

Slide 25 - Slide

Let's practice!
Fill in the correct form of the word in brackets

Slide 26 - Slide

You didn't do your work ____ (correct).

Slide 27 - Open question

That engine is very ____ (noisy).

Slide 28 - Open question

Sorry! I acted ____ (stupid).

Slide 29 - Open question

That cake is decorated ____ (extreme) beautifully.

Slide 30 - Open question

Tim is a very ____ (hard) worker.

Slide 31 - Open question

Comparisons
If you want to compare things you can often use -er, -est
  • Cheap – cheaper – cheapest
  • Short – shorter – shortest

This counts for all 1-syllable and some 2-syllable words

If they end in a y, the spelling changes to i
  • Easy – easier – easiest
  • Happy – happier – happiest




Slide 32 - Slide

Comparisons
If the word consists of 3 syllables or more, you use 'more' and 'most'
  • Beautiful – more beautiful – most beautiful
  • Attractive – more attractive – most attractive


Slide 33 - Slide

Comparisons
Choose between more / most or–er / -est
These 2-syllable words: common, cruel, handsome, likely, pleasant, polite, quiet, simple, stupid (e.g. pleasanter/more pleasant)

2-syllable words that end in –le, -er en –ow
Simple - simpler / more simple – simplest / most simple
Clever – cleverer / more clever – cleverest / most clever
Narrow – narrower / more narrow – narrowest / most narrow

Slide 34 - Slide

Irregular comparisons
Good        better        best             goed
Bad           worse        worst           slecht, erg
Much       more          most            veel
Many        more          most           veel
Little         less            least            weinig
Little        smaller      smallest    klein
Few          fewer          fewest        weinig

Slide 35 - Slide

Words with 2 forms
Old            older                oldest
Old            elder                eldest

Late            later                last
Late            later                latest
    
Far            farther / further            farthest / furthest

Slide 36 - Slide

Other ways to compare
Even … als = as … as
  • He’s as old as I am

Niet zo … als = not … as / not so … as
  • She’s not as old as I am
  • They were not as good as we thought

Slide 37 - Slide

Other ways to compare
Hoe … hoe = the … the    /    steeds = more and more
  • The sooner, the better
  • It was getting more and more difficult

Dan = than / then (than na vergrotende trap, then in alle andere gevallen)
  • It’s cheaper than you think
  • First we’re going to London and then to Oxford

Slide 38 - Slide

Exercises
unit 2.2 ex. 14 and 15 (watch out, there's an A, B and C for 15).
unit 2.1 ex. 7

Slide 39 - Slide