F3 - 5.5 Defining & Non-defining relative clauses

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Defining and non-defining relative clauses

Refers to people

Refers to things

Refers to a possession

Refers to place

Refers to time

He's the player who has the world record for scoring most goals.

He needed the lucky shirt which he had given away.

There are players whose superstitions almost stop them from playing.

1998 was the year when France hosted the World Cup.

That wasn't the only superstition (that) the team had.

Edson Arantes do Nascimento is the player that is better known as Pelé.

He had never found the place where the fan lived.

Defining relative clauses

Defining relative clauses geven essentiële informatie over personen of dingen waar we over praten

belangrijk:

- Je gebruikt geen komma's in defining relative clauses

- Who, whom en which kun je vervangen door it. (gesproken Engels)

- The relative pronoun mag weg wanneer het een onderwerp van een clausule is (gesproken Engels)

Non-defining relative clauses

In een non-defining clause is er geen essentiële informatie. Het vertelt ons meer over iets of iemand wat eigenlijk niet nodig is. 

Belangrijk:

- Er zit altijd een komma tussen de hoofdzin en een non defining relative clause.

- In een non-defining clause, kun je geen that gebruiken, maar wel      

  who, which, where, whose.

Non-defining relative clause

Defining relative clause

James Naismith, who was born in Canada, was working at a YMCA school.

It needed to be a sport which would keep students fit.

The man who invented it was James Naismith.

Naismith went to Berlin, where the games took place that year.

In 1936, when Naismith was 75 years old, basketball officially became part of the Olympic Games.

Naismith was working in Massachusetts, which is really cold in the winter.

Which clauses have commas?

1. defining relative clauses
2. non-defining relative clauses

Complete these sentences from the text.

A group of Neanderthals are sitting around the fire in a cave, [ ... ] they've just finished eating a big meal together.

He wants to get some berries, [ ... ] wants to share with everybody.

Everybodyhas always respected storytellers, [ ... ] have been important members of many societies.

These stories come from previous generations, [ ... ] wisdom and knowledge they contain.

whose

which

who

where

The rule - Relative pronouns

whose

which

who

where

Defining + non-defining relative clause