Blue Sky AI

• Technology
• Higher Education (non-degree)

AI & Blue Sky

Generative AI: An Introduction

'High Tech needs High Touch'

This session

1. We will briefly explore the (short) history of AI
   
2. I will share why it is important that we begin to engage with AI
3. We will look at bias and some of the risks
4. We will complete activities using Generative AI
5. We will learn about 'Prompt' writing and 'Tokens'
6. We will explore some AI tools that might be of use when teaching 

Have you used AI?

Yes

No

Have you used Alexa/Siri?

Yes

No

Have you ever done your shopping online?

Yes

No

Have you used Instagram/FaceBook/Twitter?

Yes

No

Have you used Spotify/Netflix/Disney?

Yes

No

Voice Assistants

Voice assistants like Siri, Alexa, and Google Assistant allow us to perform a range of tasks from setting reminders and alarms to controlling smart home devices. These devices use natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning to understand what we are saying and provide the appropriate response.

Social Media

Have you noticed how Facebook always seems to know what you are interested in? That is because the social media giant uses AI to analyse your activity and provide you with personalised content. This includes targeted ads, suggested friends, and even news articles. Twitter also uses AI to analyse and filter tweets, which helps in their pursuit of users only seeing the most relevant and useful content.

Online Shopping

Have you ever noticed that when you shop online you are often presented with personalised recommendations? This is because retailers use AI to analyse your shopping behaviour and suggest products that are likely to interest you. This not only makes shopping more convenient but also helps retailers to increase their sales.

Entertainment

Netflix, Disney use AI to recommend other films and programs to watch based on your previous choices and responses (thumbs up and thumbs down)

To summarise...

'Tokens'

• Tokens can be thought of as pieces of words.
  
• 100 tokens ~= 75 words.
  
• For example - "You miss 100% of the shots you don't take" contains 11 tokens.
  
• Depending on the model used, requests can use up to 4097 tokens shared between prompt and completion.
• The limit is currently a technical limitation
• Paid for AI offers more tokens 
  

Do you think it is important that we start using AI with our learners? Why?

Why we should engage with AI?

https://tytonpartners.com/app/uploads/2023/06/Time-for-Class-2023-Report_Final.pdf

Tyton found...

'48 percent of students have tried using AI-generated tools, whereas 71 percent of education professionals have never used these tools, and 32 percent reported that they are not even aware of these tools'

Is artificial intelligence a force for evil?

Kriti Sharma is a chief product officer for legal technology at Thomson Reuters and the founder of AI for Good Sunday 30th July 2023

“AI for Good is about building AI in the right way and using it for social good. We’re embedding our philosophy into organisations the world over, with more backing from business leaders, boardrooms, regulators and policymakers than ever before. We’ve learned there are good business reasons for building this technology safely – if you want people to adopt it and use it, they need to be able to trust it.

We’ve done a lot of work around helping domestic abuse victims in South Africa, with a chatbot called rAInbow. It was designed to help people understand their legal rights. It can be quite overwhelming to take that first step to getting help 

and trusted information if you don’t know where to begin. I think it’s important to acknowledge the risks this technology brings, but there are also tremendous positive opportunities. I spend a lot of my time building AI that helps improve the justice system and helps people understand their legal rights. With this technology, we can produce legal drafts in minutes that used to take days. Courts can function better and faster, so people can get their hearing dates and we can make the system more efficient.

What excites me is that the new generation of technologists don’t have to have my background. I went to geek school after geek school, but the newest programming language is human language. This means we can bring in people from many different backgrounds to build it. If we do this right, we will be opening up the profile of people who work in technology and AI.”

Future Jobs

Anthropic

Worth remembering...

Bias: There are two types of bias in AI. One is algorithmic AI bias or “data bias,” where algorithms are trained using biased data. The other kind of bias in AI is societal AI bias. That's where our assumptions and norms as a society cause us to have blind spots or certain expectations in our thinking.

Any such trend or deviation from the truth in data collection, analysis, interpretation and publication is called bias. Bias in research can occur either intentionally or unintentionally. Bias causes false conclusions and is potentially misleading. 

The common biases found in data collection can be categorized into:

Selection Bias – the selection of data isn’t representative of the population as a whole, and therefore presents a bias.

Systematic Bias – consistent error that repeats itself throughout the model.

Response Bias – participants of data respond to questions in a way that is deemed false, or inaccurate. 

Quick, Draw! - https://quickdraw.withgoogle.com

Potential Harms Caused by AI Systems

• Bias and Discrimination
• Denial of Individual Autonomy, Recourse, and Rights
• Non-transparent, Unexplainable, or Unjustifiable Outcomes
• Invasions of Privacy

• Isolation and Disintegration of Social Connection
  
• Unreliable, Unsafe, or Poor-Quality Outcomes

Further reading - Understanding artificial intelligence ethics and safety (The Alan Turning Institute)

Effectively Creating Prompts

1. Be specific: The more criteria you give, the more focused the output will be.

2. Work in steps: Break tasks into small chunks. This returns better results, just as it would with a human.

3. Iterate and improve: Re-work the inputs and have ChatGPT improve on its own output.

Effectively Creating Prompts

1. How do we want ChatGPT to engage with us?
   

• "You are going to act as..."
• "Ignore all previous instructions before this one"
• "Tone friendly and casual"
• "Explain this to an eleven year old" 

More unique prompts for answers

• "What would I not think of on this topic?"
  
• "What are some of the uncommon or less well know answers to this same question?"
• "Give me something around original around this topic that some people believe to be untrue"

Let's use a prepared prompt...

1. PREPing AI
2. PREPing questions
3. PREPing a historical figure
4. PREPing a YouTube video
5. PREPing a teaching coach
6. PREPing example answers

I will share with you some examples you can use.

Activity - Paris visit

Using ChatGPT we are going to plan a visit to Paris

Start drafting your prompt for Paris and share it here...

Effectively Creating Prompts

• "You are an expert on Paris. You have helped people of all ages visit Paris for long weekends for the last 20 years. Your task is now to give the best advice when it comes to visiting Paris on a budget. We will be departing from London and there will be four people in the group, two are under 8 years old. You must always ask questions before you answer so you can better understand what the questioner is seeking. Is that understood? 
  

Paris visit

• Using ChatGPT and your newly crafted prompt spend the next 2 minutes planning a weekend visit to Paris

Activity 2

Chef AI

Somali Surbiyaan

Using ChatGPT or Claude find the recipe for this dish

Somali Surbiyaan

There has been a last minute change of plan!

The recipe needs to feed 12 people! They also do not like spicy food so adjust the heat accordingly.

Find out how long it takes to make as the guests are arriving in 80 minutes!

Some AI tools

For tutors and learners

Planning lessons

AI generated templates for lesson plans, writing prompts, educational handouts, student reports, project outlines and lots more

Copilot - https://educationcopilot.com

Three page lesson plan

Hand out and context builder

Generating quizzes from YouTube videos

Generate questions for online quizzes, tests and exams.

Quizgecko - https://quizgecko.com

Lesson plans, presentations, learner reports

Creating bespoke lesson plans or instant teacher presentations to generating personalised student reports.

TeachMateAI - https://teachmateai.com

Creating videos

Generative AI tools to create talking avatars

D-ID - www.d-id.com

https://youtube.com/shorts/i42Cr6wf2u8?feature=share

Pictory - https://pictory.ai

Alternative to ChatGPT

Claude - https://claude.ai

Socrative https://www.socrative.com

Story generators

Bedtime Story - https://www.bedtimestory.ai

A library...

Create your own...

Teaching aids

LessonUp - www.lessonup.com

Generating lessons and quizzes using AI in LessonUp

I found him in the garage on a Sunday afternoon. It was the day after we moved into Falconer Road. The winter was ending. Mum had said we'd be moving just in time for the spring. Nobody else was there. Just me. The others were inside the house with Dr. Death, worrying about the baby.

He was lying there in the darkness behind the tea chests, in the dust and dirt. It was as if he'd been there forever. He was filthy and pale and dried out and I thought he was dead. I couldn't have been more wrong. I'd soon begin to see the truth about him, that there'd never been another creature like him in the world.

We called it the garage because that's what the real estate agent, Mr. Stone, called it. It was more like a demolition site or a rubbish dump or like one of those ancient warehouses they keep pulling down at the wharf. Stone led us down the garden, tugged the door open, and shined his little flashlight into  

the gloom.We shoved our heads in at the doorway with him. "You have to see it with your mind's eye," he said. "See it cleaned, with new doors and the roof repaired. See it as a wonderful two-car garage." He looked at me with a stupid grin on his face. "Or something for you, lad-a hideaway for you and your pals. What about that, eh?"

I looked away. I didn't want anything to do with him. All the way round the house it had been the same. Just see it in your mind's eye. Just imagine what could be done. All the way round I kept thinking of the old man, Ernie Myers, that had lived here on his own for years. He'd been dead nearly a week before they found him under the table in the kitchen. That's what I saw when Stone told us about seeing with the mind's eye. He even said it when we got to the dining room and there was an old cracked toilet sitting there in the comer behind a plywood screen.

I used to think this about AI...

Now I think...

I feel better equipped to start using AI in my teaching and learning.

Yes

No

Undecided

This session

1. We briefly explored the (short) history of AI
   
2. We learned why it is important that we begin to engage with AI
   
3. We looked at bias and some of the risks
   
4. We completed activities using Generative AI
   
5. We learned about 'Prompt' writing and 'Tokens'
   
6. We explored some AI tools that might be of use 

I am going to experiment with...

I would like to learn more about...