§1.3 Development at different speeds

• Aardrijkskunde
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Starter

What makes one country poor and another rich? Come up with at least 5 features

1.3 

Development at different speeds

But first: knowledge check!

What causes global shift?

1. Division of the production chain
2. Cheaper transport
3. Low wages
4. Less trade barriers

Core

Periphery

Semi-periphery

Core

Core

Semi-periphery

Semi-periphery

Periphery

This gives the situation of a...  country 

Core

Periphery

Global shift happens..

1. periphery -> core
2. (semi)periphery -> core
3. Core -> (semi)periphery
4. Semi-periphery -> periphery

Development at different speeds - 1

today "internal causes"

Why are some countries rich and others poor?

Internal factors:

causes are in the country itself

External factors:

causes are outside of the country (in relation to the outside world)

Internal causes 

Natural causes:

1. The development opportunities (enough precipitation, not too many mountains, fertile soils, availability of raw materials etc.) 
2. The location of the country. Is it landlocked or close to sea? 

• Natural conditions  or less econoplay a role, but do not determine whether a country becomes moremically developed. A good example of this is Switzerland.

please note!

Not all landlocked countries are LEDCs. Name a wealthy landlocked country

Internal causes 

Natural causes:

1. The development opportunities (enough precipitation, not too many mountains, fertile soils, availability of raw materials etc.) 
2. The location of the country. Is it landlocked or close to sea? 

• Natural conditions  play a role, but do not determine whether a country becomes more economically developed. A good example of this is Switzerland.

please note!

internal causes

Human causes:

1. political system: 

please note!

What would be helpful for prosperity in the political system and what would prevent economic growth?

internal causes

Human causes:

1. political system: democratic level, corruption, freedom of press  etc. 
2. population growth and age stucture

• What is the ideal composition?
• future> aging 

please note!

What would be the ideal age structure?

internal causes

Human causes:

1. political system: democratic level, corruption, freedom of press  etc. 
2. population growth and age stucture

• Many people in working age (18-65), a stable amount of children that grow up to become workers and not
  too many old people.
• future> aging 

please note!

internal causes

3. The degree of inequality. > Gini coefficient

please note!

Let's get to work 1.3

• Check your work of 1.2 -> on paper use Teams -> 1.2 Answers
  -> working online, check your work & rate your open ended questions
• Use the planner to see which work to complete this week from 1.3.

00:50

What does cumulative mean?

01:30

If you have 3 households: one making a 100 euros per week, another making 55 euros per week and another a 160 euro per week. What is your first step to making a Lorenz curve?

02:28

Bulgaria has a gini-coëfficient of 0,4 and Hungary of 0,3. What can you conclude?

1. Hungary is more wealthy
2. People in Bulgaria have a better life.
3. Income is divided more equally in Hungary
4. People have more similar wealth in Bulgaria

Development at different speeds - 2

today "external causes"

00:25

Which historic event led to the decolonization of many countries, for example the Dutch Indies becoming Indonesia in 1947? And why?

01:51

How have rich countries controlled other countries in the past and how do they do it now?

1. p: economic power, n: rules
2. p: stronger & bigger army, n: economy
3. p: laws, n: military means
4. p: by invading, n: discrimination

02:24

The book is called "Neocolonism, the last stage of imperialism"
What is imperialism?

1. Extending a country's power and influence through colonization and use of military force
2. An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit

03:31

Explain why it is difficult after decolonisation to become a MEDC, using the dependecy theory

04:00

04:45

Why is giving aid considered a form of neocolonialism?

1. The help often comes paired with rules to follow
2. The country cannot choose if it wants aid
3. It can make the country depended
4. Sometimes aid has to be paid back as well

05:44

Canada and Australia used to be colonies too. Why are they not suffering from neocolonialism?

1. They were exploitation colonies
2. They were trade colonies
3. They were settlement colonies
4. They were industrial colonies

To summarize: 

External factors

1. Colonial past. Many of colonies functioned as raw material supplier. Now there is neocolonialism. 

Exploitation or settlement colony makes a world of difference.

2. Role of a country in the world economy. Is this location favourable for MNO's? If not, they will not profit from globalisation

Please note!

Please do note..

• Prosperity is not a given. It is fluent.
• Countries can shift position in the worldsystem. 
• About that worldsystem.. C-SP-P, in which groups do most of the people live?

Let's get to work 1.3

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• Done? Check your work with the online rating system 
  OR
  Check your work with the answersheet in Teams-> lesmateriaal & improve with a different colour pen