DNA Intro/Macromolecule Review

• Biology
• 10th Grade

What do you know
about MACROMOLECULES?

Pop quiz: What is the monomer for nucleic acids like DNA?

1. Amino acids
2. Fatty acids
3. Glucose and simple sugars
4. Nucleotides

What does a nucleotide look like?

Nucleotides are the monomers of nucleic acids like DNA.

They are made of three parts:

1) Nitrogenous base

2) 5-carbon (pentose) sugar

3) Phosphate group

DNA stands for deoxyribose nucleic acid. What part of the nucleotide is "deoxyribose?"

1. Nitrogenous base
2. Sugar
3. Phosphate group

How do nucleotides join to form DNA?

DNA is made of nucleotides joined into long strands or chains by covalent bonds.

What other molecule necessary for life is joined together by covalent bonds?

Are there different types of nucleotides?

Yes!

In DNA, there are four different nitrogenous bases that make up the nucleotides.  They are:

1) Adenine           2) Thymine

3) Cytosine         4) Guanine

The nucleotides pair up to create our genetic information. 

What does DNA have to
do with cell division?

Before cell division (like mitosis above), a cell must first replicate its DNA to ensure that each new cell gets a copy. 

In order to undergo replication, DNA relies on enzymes.  Two important enzymes are helicase & polymerase.  

Which type of macromolecule are enzymes?

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic acids

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