2.5 Mountain ranges wear down, mountain ranges are formed

• Aardrijkskunde
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

2.5 Mountain ranges wear down, mountain ranges are formed

Young and old mountain ranges

Old Mountains

Young Mountains

A young mountain has........

1. Low peaks, sloping walls and shallow valleys
2. Deep valleys, high peaks and steep walls

Young mountain

1. Alps
2. Ardennes
3. Pyrenees

Young mountain

Old mountain

Mountain ranges

Young
- High

- Steep

- Pointed mountain peaks

- Deep valleys

Mountain ranges

Old
- Lower

- Gentle slopes

- Rounded tops

- Wider valleys

Young mountain

Old mountain

Orogenesis

Mountains can arise and grow due to forces from within the earth, - endogenous forces -.

Orogeny = Mountain formation

Due to erosion

Mountains wear away and valleys arise !

(Exogenic forces)

Seabed or mountain?

Look at source 17

Fossils

Mountains

Sea bottom or mountain?

• Different types of rocks in the Himalayas -> also fossils from the seabed
  
• How are fossils from the seabed found so high in the mountains?

The ocean floor has become part of the Himalayas 

Sea bottom or mountain?

- Fossils of animals on the seabed

- Magma, igneous rock, granite

Plates move up, so everything

goes up

The alps as an example

Read

Igneous rocks

Igneous rocks

Stollingsgesteente

Dieptegesteente

Sedimentgesteenten

Igneous rock: From magma to granite --> erosion

high peaks

• A mountain higher than 1500 meters
  
• Most mountains in the Alps are high mountains
  
• The Netherlands has no high mountains

Middle peaks 500 -1500 meter

Types of mountains

high mountains (1500m - higher)

middle mountains (500m-1500m)

hill country (200m-500m)

(low mountains (0m - 200m))