T3 Plant growth and preparation.pptx
What do plants need for photosynthesis?
Oxygen
Sunlight
Carbon dioxide
Water
Lesduur is: 45 minOnderdelen in deze les
What do plants need for photosynthesis?
Oxygen
Sunlight
Carbon dioxide
Water
What part of the leaf absorbs sunlight?
Chlorophyll
Root
Which layer protects the leaf?
Epidermis
Xylem
What do soil samples help us study?
Soil types
Air quality
Soil nutrients
What gas do plants release at night?
Carbon dioxide
Oxygen
Track
1. TITLE:The first stage of plant growth
All plants have life cycles, some can be short (a matter of weeks) others can be long (a matter of 1000’s of years).
What begins the first stage of the plant life cycle?
Growth of a stem
Fertilisation of a seed
Formation of flowers
Development of leaves
What forms the new plant?
Embryo
Root system
Cotyledon
Seed coat
What protects the seed?
Embryo
Root system
Cotyledon
Seed coat
What provides food for the embryo?
Cotyledon
Root system
Young shoot
Seed coat
What appears first after seed germination?
Flower petals
Young root
Cotyledon
Seed coat
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1. TITLE:The first stage of plant growth
Inside most seeds you will see these structures. The embryo of the seed is where the root and shoot will appear from.
The radicle is the root system for the plant and the epicotyl is the stem of the plant and the cotyledons are found in the main structure of the seed.
All of these are surrounded by a seed coat to protect the embryo from damage.
The inside of the seeds are also often full of starch so the seedling has a source of energy to help them grow.
Without leaves, the plants cannot photosynthesise and therefore will not be able to grow from seeds.
Some seeds need to be soaked in water before they can germinate
Why do some seeds need to be soaked in water to germinate?
Why do seeds need to germinate?
To remain dormant indefinitely.
To produce more seeds.
To grow into new plants.
To absorb sunlight immediately.
What are the main parts of a seed?
Roots, stems, and leaves.
Seed coat, embryo, and endosperm.
Flowers and fruits.
Pollen and nectar.
What triggers seed germination?
Cold temperatures.
Water, warmth, and oxygen.
High salt concentration.
Excessive sunlight only.
Where do seeds come from?
From soil directly.
From mature plants after reproduction.
From animal digestion.
From water sources.
Why do seeds need water to germinate?
To keep them cool.
To activate enzymes for growth.
To prevent them from rotting.
To attract pollinators.
Task
Challenge: Which do you think grows first, the young root or shoot? Why do you think this?
Collect your seed and draw the outside of the soaked seed.
Carefully split it in half and draw the inside of the seed.
Try to label the seed coat, seed leaf, young root and young shoot.
1. TITLE: What are microgreens?
Knowledge Check
Have you?…
✅ Got your equipment out
✅ Written and underlined date and title
✅Begun Remember task
✅ Stuck loose sheets in
Label the parts of the seed with the correct labels
Seed coat
Young root
Young shoot
Food source
2) What is the function of the seed coat?
4) What process takes place once the shoot has appeared above the soil?
C
D
B
A
Task
Read the information about microgreens and answer the following questions
What are microgreens?_________________________________________________________________________________
Name two types of microgreens mentioned in the paragraph _______________________________________
What do microgreens add to food?_____________________________________________________________________
Why might you want to try different types of microgreens?_________________________________________
Track
The Practical
Fill up a seed tray with multi-purpose compost
Wet the compost with water - make sure that it is not soaking wet and dripping
sow the seeds onto the surface of the soil
label the seed tray with your name and the date
Place in a well lit area
Once they have germinated, take them home!
Task
Task 3: Complete the questions on page 6 and 7
Track
The Practical
Track
The Practical
Track
The Practical
TITLE: Asexual and sexual reproduction
Knowledge Check
Have you?…
✅ Got your equipment out
✅ Written and underlined date and title
✅Begun Remember task
✅ Stuck loose sheets in
2) What is the function of the seed coat?
3) Which part of the embryo appears first?
4) What process takes place once the shoot has appeared above the soil?
Task
Task 1: Read the paragraph and answer the questions below.
What is asexual reproduction in plants?
How are cuttings an example of asexual reproduction?
What are the male and female sex cells in plants called?
How is sexual reproduction in plants similar to human reproduction?
How are offspring from sexual reproduction different from offspring from asexual reproduction?
Task
Task 1: Read the paragraph and fill out the diagram below.
Think, Pair, Write
Once the seeds have germinated, they will be placed in three different places and their height will be measured:
A dark cupboard with no light
A windowsill with lots of light
An area with partial light.
Think of an answer to the questions below:
Which seeds should grow the most/ least?
Why do you think this?
What effect will water have on the seed coat of the seed?
Think, Pair, Write
In your pairs, discuss your answers to the questions:
Person A: Which seeds should grow the most/ least?
Person B: Why do you think this?
Person A/B: What effect will water have on the seed coat of the seed?
Think, Pair, Write
Let’s share some ideas:
Now write down some ideas using the sentences below:
My hypothesis is that:
The seeds that will grow in direct sunlight will look like…
The seeds that will grow in partial sun will look like…
The seeds that will grow in the dark might look like…
The main reason I think this is because…
3. TITLE: Method write up for sowing seeds
Knowledge Check
Label the parts of the seed with the correct labels
Have you?…
✅ Got your equipment out
✅ Written and underlined date and title
✅Begun Remember task
✅ Stuck loose sheets in
B
D
A
C
Seed coat
Radicle
Young shoot
Food source
2) Name one condition needed for seeds to begin germination.
3) What will happen to the seeds if they are kept in partial light?
TITLE: Sowing microgreens practical
Knowledge Check
Label the parts of the seed with the correct labels
Have you?…
✅ Got your equipment out
✅ Written and underlined date and title
✅Begun Remember task
✅ Stuck loose sheets in
Seed coat
Young root
Young shoot
Food source
2) What is the function of the seed coat?
3) Which part of the embryo appears first?
4) What process takes place once the shoot has appeared above the soil?
C
D
B
A
Once the seeds have germinated, ensure there is an equal number in each Petri dish. This may mean you have to remove some. (Some seeds may not germinate.)
Place one Petri dish in each of the following places: a dark cupboard receiving no or very little light; a windowsill that will get as much light as possible; and an area with partial light.
Every day for five days, measure the height of the seedlings and record the results.
To measure the height of the seedlings, you must ensure each seedling is at its full height. You may need to use the forceps to carefully lift the seedling.
Calculate the mean height of the seedlings each day.
Measuring cress seedling growth
This week you are going to measure your seedling growth
With the data we have produced as a group we are going to calculate the average plant growth of all of our seedlings
We will then plot a graph to see what the average growth rate for all of the cress seeds in the class
Calculating Mean
To calculate the mean:
total height of seedlings (mm)
number of seedlings
Remember to check for any anomalies in your daily results.
If there is an anomaly, discard it and do not add it to your total height.
mean =
Plotting a Graph
Use your results to plot a graph showing mean height of the seedlings over time.
Decide what type of graph to plot.
Hint: Is your data continuous or categorical?
What are your variables?
Hint: The independent variable goes on the x-axis and the dependent variable on the y-axis.
Choose suitable scales and labels for the axes.
Hint: Look at the range of your data.
Draw lines of best fit.
Post investigation questions
Why is water an important factor for germination?
Water is important because it helps the seed coat to…
What are we going to measure once the plants have germinated?
When the plants have germinated, one thing that we will measure is…
What is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the process where carbon dioxide and….
Why is keeping the seeds warm important?
It is important to keep the seeds warm because…
What was the equipment used?
The equipment that we used was…
Why did you do the experiment?
We completed the experiment because we wanted to measure…
Conclusion
Write a conclusion for your results.
Evaluation
Most experiments have some errors or encounter some problems.
What was the biggest error or problem with your experiment?
How would you do differently to reduce this error?
What do you notice about the colour of your plants? Why do you think that happened? (links to photosynthesis)
Have your plants survived? Explain why you think that happened!
Have the plants grown more or less? Why?
4. TITLE: Diseases of seeds
Knowledge Check
Have you?…
✅ Got your equipment out
✅ Written and underlined date and title
✅Begun Remember task
✅ Stuck loose sheets in
Complete the paragraph in your book using the data given in the table.
Problems with seed diseases
What is the most common disease found with seed production?
What type of pathogen (bacteria/ fungus/ virus) causes the disease?
What climate conditions can make damping off worse?
What time of year can damping off happen?
What are the symptoms?
What are three ways you can control the disease without using chemicals?
Can you control it using chemicals?
