Reading exam practice B1


Exam practice: reading


(Text 6 VMBO GL/TL 2021/1)
A refuge for orangutans?

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EngelsMBOStudiejaar 3

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Exam practice: reading


(Text 6 VMBO GL/TL 2021/1)
A refuge for orangutans?

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

Paragraph 1
In the lush rainforests of central Borneo, a group of young orangutans,
endangered refugees from human development and now released here,
swing from branch to branch in an unspoiled, 5,200-acre tract of Salat
Island, acquired last year by the Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation.
The foundation is working towards the relocation of hundreds of
orangutans currently housed in cages in a nearby rescue shelter.

Slide 2 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

‘a group of young orangutans, endangered refugees from human
development’ (alinea 1)
Welk citaat uit alinea 4 beschrijft de ‘human development’ die deze dieren
bedreigt?
A ‘an easy cloak of respectability’
B ‘rainforest destruction’
C ‘Isolated acts of kindness by bad actors’
D ‘a binding commitment to end deforestation’

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

Answer: B
Paragraph 4
But the foundation’s partnership with a palm oil company worries some
environmentalists, who are concerned that it provides a flawed company
an easy cloak of respectability. The huge expansion of palm oil
plantations is widely acknowledged to be a key driver of rainforest
destruction in Indonesia, which deprives the orangutans of habitat.
“Isolated acts of kindness by bad actors like PT S.S.S. don’t erase that
history and current pattern of destructive behavior, and they won’t save
the Borneo orangutan from destruction,” said Gemma Tillack...........

Slide 4 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

Paragraph 2
The Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation called Salat Island a
“major breakthrough” in helping to save the species. For the last decade,
the foundation has eyed the island as a potential orangutan haven: fertile
with fruit trees, guarded from poachers by rivers and with no indigenous
orangutan population to compete with for territory. But acquiring it was no
easy feat: the sums involved were immense, and buying it from the local
government presented a major administrative challenge that involved lots
of paperwork.

Slide 5 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

Geef van de volgende problemen aan of ze de aankoop van ‘Salat Island’
moeilijk maakten volgens alinea 2.
Omcirkel ‘wel’ of ‘niet’ achter elk nummer in de uitwerking.
1 de stropers die op het eiland woonden
2 de aanpassingen die gedaan moesten worden om het geschikt te
maken
3 het bedrag dat voor het gebied betaald moest worden
4 het grote aantal formulieren dat ervoor ingevuld moesten worden

Slide 6 - Tekstslide

Answer:
niet
niet
wel
wel
Paragraph 3
Until early last year, when a major Indonesian palm oil company, PT
Sawit Sumbermas Sarana (PT S.S.S.), swooped in and purchased part of
the island for orangutan rehabilitation. The company even agreed to pay
some of the foundation’s costs for monitoring and maintaining the island.
“We believe we could coexist,” the company’s chief executive, Vallauthan
Subraminam, said.

Slide 7 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

What is described in paragraph 3?
A how help came from an unexpected side
B how long-lasting conflicts were finally resolved
C how permission for the refuge came through
D how the exploitation of the project became profitable

Slide 8 - Tekstslide

Answer: A
Paragraph 4
But the foundation’s partnership with a palm oil company worries some
environmentalists, who are concerned that it provides a flawed company
an easy cloak of respectability. The huge expansion of palm oil
plantations is widely acknowledged to be a key driver of rainforest
destruction in Indonesia, which deprives the orangutans of habitat.
“Isolated acts of kindness by bad actors like PT S.S.S. don’t erase that
history and current pattern of destructive behavior, and they won’t save
the Borneo orangutan from destruction,” said Gemma Tillack, the
agribusiness campaign director at the Rainforest Action Network, an
environmental organization. “If the company was serious about protecting
the species,” she added, “it would make a binding commitment to end
deforestation on its plantations.” 

Slide 9 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

What is suggested about the donation of PT S.S.S. in paragraph 4?
It has donated the money
A to be able to force business competitors to get involved as well.
B to develop more environmentally-friendly production methods.
C to disguise the fact it is actually responsible for the problem.
D to stress that it will live up to earlier made business agreements.

Slide 10 - Tekstslide

Answer: C
Paragraph 6
Nearly every week government agencies and locals notify the
foundation of baby orangutans that were taken as pets by villagers,
usually after their mothers were killed as pests. The organization spends
years rehabilitating the often-traumatized young orangutans. At the
foundation’s forest school, local women working as surrogate orangutan
mothers train the youngsters in survival skills, from identifying predators
to learning which foods are safe to eat. But after a few years of ‘forest
school’, many orangutans ____________ their cages because suitable release
sites are increasingly hard to find. But this year, the group hopes to
release around 150 orangutans, thanks largely to Salat Island.

Slide 11 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

Kies bij ____________ in alinea 6 het juiste antwoord uit de gegeven
mogelijkheden.
A are returned to
B are stressed by
C dislike leaving
D have outgrown

Slide 12 - Tekstslide

Answer: A
Some conservationists consider rehabilitation programs
counterproductive, an expensive distraction from the critical mission of
habitat protection. “Rehabilitation centers may even make the
deforestation process worse,” said Erik Meijaard, director of Borneo
Futures, a conservation group. “It goes full circle: Palm oil companies get
rid of the forests, send in their orangutans along with some money. That’s
just not how things can be if we’re serious about saving orangutans and
other wildlife.”

Slide 13 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

Paragraph 8
Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation officials said that,
unfortunately, their services were ________________ . The day after the release on
Salat, phones rang at the center. People in a village a few hours away
had taken in a young orangutan, its mother nowhere to be found. The
foundation sent a team to fetch the orangutan and bring it to the center. 

Slide 14 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

Kies bij _______________ in alinea 8 het juiste antwoord uit de gegeven
mogelijkheden.
A exhausted
B misunderstood
C needed
D questioned
E sabotaged

Slide 15 - Tekstslide

Answer: C

Exam practice: reading


(Text 8 VMBO GL/TL 2021/1)
The Earth’s Smartest Birds

Slide 16 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

Paragraph 1
Until the 21st century, birds were
largely dismissed as simpletons. How
smart can you be with a brain the size
of a nut? And yet the more we study
bird intelligence, the more those
theories are breaking down. Birds
make good use of the allotted space
for their tiny brains by packing in lots
of neurons.

Slide 17 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

What is the point made in paragraph 1?
A Birds are more intelligent than we used to assume.
B Birds suffer from the fact that their skulls are small.
C Researchers tend to look down on studies about birds.
D The brains of birds are bigger than previously estimated. 

Slide 18 - Tekstslide

Answer: A
Paragraph 2
But what actually qualifies a bird as
smart? The definition of intelligence
should be broader than it is, scientists
say. “We’ve restricted the playing field to things we think only we can do,”
says Kevin McGowan, an expert on crows at the Cornell Lab of
Ornithology in Ithaca, New York, “so being able to fly to Argentina, come
back, and land in the same bush is not valued as intelligence. If we’re
talking about standard intelligence – i.e. mimicking human speech or
solving problems – it always comes down to parrots and corvids.”

Slide 19 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

‘The definition of intelligence should be broader than it is’ (paragraph 2)
In what way?
A It should be based on more than skills that are typically human.
B It should be related to being able to learn and use a language.
C It should define lower standards for animals than for humans.
D It should rule out instincts as the main evidence for intelligence.

Slide 20 - Tekstslide

Answer: A
Paragraph 3
Members of the corvid family (songbirds including ravens, crows, jays,
and magpies, to name a few) are among the most intelligent birds.
A study published in 2017 in the journal Science revealed that ravens
even pre-plan tasks – a behavior long believed unique to humans and
apes. In the simple experiment, scientists taught the birds how a tool can
help them access a piece of food. When offered a selection of objects
almost 24 hours later, the ravens selected that specific tool again – and
performed the task to get their treat. “Monkeys have not been able to
solve tasks like this,” Mathias Osvath, a researcher at Sweden’s Lund
University, said in a previous interview.

Slide 21 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

What is the point made about ravens in paragraph 3?
A They are easy to train when given snacks they like.
B They beat people in tests that require creative thinking.
C They can learn from experiences and also think ahead.
D They seem to enjoy working out challenging problems.

Slide 22 - Tekstslide

Answer: C
Paragraph 4
While crows do nearly as well as ravens solving intelligence tests,
McGowan stresses that crows have an uncanny memory for human faces
– and can remember if that particular person is a threat. “They seem to
have a good sense that every person is different and that they need to
approach them differently.” For instance, crows are warier of new people
than ravens are – but conversely are more comfortable with humans they
had interacted with before, according to a study published in 2015 in the
journal Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. “The crows around here,
they know my face,” says McGowan. While at first the birds living near the
lab seemed to dislike McGowan for approaching their nests, they love him
now that he’s started leaving the birds healthy treats. “They know my car,
they know my walk, they know me 10 miles away from where they’ve ever
encountered me before. They’re just amazing that way.”

Slide 23 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

What becomes clear about crows in paragraph 4?
A Observations in the wild prove they are clearly smarter than ravens.
B Tests show they can see exceptionally well compared to other birds.
C They are social animals that like being in close contact with people.
D They can recognize people and estimate what to expect from them.

Slide 24 - Tekstslide

Answer: D
Paragraph 5
“There’s also a lot going on in the little walnut brains of parrots,” says
McGowan. “And they live so long that they can amass a lot of intelligence
and a lot of memories.” ___________ many species of parrots have a penchant
for human speech, the African grey parrot is the most accomplished. In
the 1950s, Harvard comparative psychologist Irene Pepperberg began
teaching an African grey parrot, Alex, English sounds. Before he died
prematurely in 2007, Alex mastered roughly a hundred words, could use
them in context, and even grasped the concepts of same, different, and
zero.

Slide 25 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

Kies bij __________ in alinea 5 het juiste antwoord uit de gegeven
mogelijkheden.
A Unless
B Until
C While

Slide 26 - Tekstslide

Answer: C
Paragraph 5
“There’s also a lot going on in the little walnut brains of parrots,” says
McGowan. “And they live so long that they can amass a lot of intelligence
and a lot of memories.” while  many species of parrots have a penchant
for human speech, the African grey parrot is the most accomplished. In
the 1950s, Harvard comparative psychologist Irene Pepperberg began
teaching an African grey parrot, Alex, English sounds. Before he died
prematurely in 2007, Alex mastered roughly a hundred words, could use
them in context, and even grasped the concepts of same, different, and
zero.

Slide 27 - Tekstslide

Deze slide heeft geen instructies

What is said about the African grey parrot Alex in paragraph 5?
A He died as a result of a series of tests in a laboratory.
B He knew words and sounds from different languages.
C He proved that birds held in captivity become smarter.
D He was capable of understanding complex information.

Slide 28 - Tekstslide

Answer: D