Biologie 1HV TTO

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Biology 1HV TTO

School year 2026/2027

Teacher: Mr. Elsendoorn

Using the Zuidschrift

• Notes in zuidschrift

  • Copy bold printed terms from the presentation (+definition)

  • Copy important concepts from the presentation

  • Always copy everything written on the whiteboard

  • “Insight” assignments from the book in your Zuidschrift

Unit 1 - Plants and animals

Onderwerp: Organisms

Lesdoel: I can explain what an organism is, and name the 7 life processes.

Taallesdoel:I can give examples of the 7 life processes using full sentences.

Starttaak:

• In your zuidschrift: Write down as many of the life processes as you can remember

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Organisms

Organism a different word for “living being”.

There are 4 groups of living things.

• Animals

• Plants

• Bacteria

• Fungi

Sleepvraag

Plant

Animal

Bacteria

Fungi

Dog

Seaweed

Apple tree

Mushroom

E. Coli

Coronavirus

Mold

S. aureus

Is it alive?

You can tell whether something is alive by looking at life processes. If something shows all life processes, you know that it's alive.

Thus; an organism shows all life processes.

Life processes

The seven life processes are:

• Breathing

• Feeding

• Excreting

• Sensing

• Moving

• Reproducing

• Growing

Breathing

Taking in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide.

Feeding

To eat and drink

Excreting

Getting rid of waste substances

Which life process means taking in food for energy and growth?

A

Growing

B

Feeding

C

Moving

D

Sensing

Sensing

Examples are hearing, seeing, smelling, etc...

Moving

Running, walking, etc...

A plant turning towards light is mainly an example of which life process?

A

Excreting

B

Breathing

C

Sensing

D

Reproducing

Reproducing

Making new organisms

Growing

To become larger and heavier

Which of these is one of the seven life processes?

A

Sleeping

B

Thinking

C

Digesting

D

Reproducing

The seven life processes

Living things carry out several basic life processes. First, they need feeding to get nutrients and energy from food. They also use breathing to release energy from that food. Waste substances must be removed by excreting. Organisms also react to changes around them by sensing. Many living things are able to change place by moving. To make more of their own kind, they are capable of reproducing, and as young organisms become bigger, they are growing.

feeding

breathing

excreting

sensing

moving

reproducing

growing

sleeping

thinking

circulating

digesting

Alive, dead, or non-living

Alive means that an organism is showing the seven life processes at this moment

Dead means that an organism has shown the seven life processes, but doesn’t anymore.

Non-living means something has never shown any life processes.

What is the difference between alive, dead and non-living?

Students should explain: alive = showing the seven life processes now; dead = has shown them before but not now; non-living = has never shown any life processes. Good examples: tree = alive, dead bird = dead, rock = non-living.

Zuidschrift assignment

Make a list of the seven life processes

Pick any animal

Now give an example of each life process for your animal

Homework assignments

Make, from Unit 1, paragraph 1:

Exercises:

1 t/m 4 + 6 + 7

Paragraph 3

Metamorphosis

Lesson Goals:

• I can describe what metamorphosis is

• I can describe the lifecycles of a cabbage white and of a frog

Changing

Some animals change a lot over the course of their life.

Large changes in body structure during the life of an animal is called metamorphosis

Stages

Butterflies go through 4 stages (phases) during their life:

1. egg

2. larva

3. pupa (cocoon)

4. imago (adult butterfly)

Frogs

Stopmotion project

The coming weeks you’ll be working on a stopmotion project

In groups of 4 you’ll be making your own stopmotion video about metamorphosis

Today you will:

• Make groups

• Think of which animal you want to make your video

• Which materials you’ll need

Stopmotion project

Gebruik één van de volgende twee apps:

Cloud Stop Motion

Stop Motion Studio

Homework assignments

From Unit 1, paragraph 3, make:

Exercises:

1, 2, 3, 6, 8.

Paragraph 5

Making food

Lesson Goals with paragraph 5:

• I can explain that photosynthesis creates food and oxygen for animals and humans

• I can describe photosynthesis

• I can point out which (parts of) plants people use as food

Substances and energy

Humans and animals need 3 things to stay alive:

• oxygen

• nutrients

• energy

Oxygen

Oxygen is a gas that is part of the air you breathe in. Air you breathe is mostly the gas “Nitrogen”. After that most of the air is “Oxygen”.

Oxygen is a gas you need in order to get energy in your body.

Nutrients

In all your food and drink there’s substances you need in order to stay alive.

These substances are called nutrients

Examples are:

• Proteins

• Fats

• Vitamins

You also need energy. Energy is used for all kinds of things; staying warm, movement, thinking, etc…

Energy mostly comes from sugars and fats

Energy

Where does the energy come from?

Almost all of the food we eat comes from plants.

Whether you eat (part of) a plant, or an animal

Think about beef: this comes from a cow, but the cow has eaten grass. The grass is then the source of the energy

Animals must eat plants or other animals to survive

Plants do NOT have to eat other organisms to survive.

Photosynthesis

So where do plants get their energy?

Plants make their own energy.

They do this through a special process: photosynthesis

A plant needs 3 things for photosynthesis:

• Water

• Sunlight

• Carbon dioxide (gas in the air)

Photosynthesis

Using these three substances plants can make two other substances:

• Oxygen

• Glucose (sugar)

Most of the oxygen the plant releases into the air

All of the glucose (sugar) is stored somewhere in the plant (for example in the roots)

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is then:

Water + Carbon dioxide + Sunlight

Oxygen + Glucose

Homework assignments

Make, from 1.5:

Exercises:

1, 2, 5, 6

Paragraph 6

Adaptations

Lesson goals with paragraph 6

• I can describe some adaptations that animals have

• I can describe some adaptations that plants have

Adaptations

All organisms have adaptations to their ways of life and their environments.

These adaptations all have to do with certain functions, such as: breathing, moving, feeding, etc…

Because of these adaptations organisms (or parts of organisms) are better able to fulfill their functions

Assignment Biomes

Search, on your chromebook, which kinds of environments earth has. In other words: in which types of environments do we find living creatures?

Use search terms as:

• Biome

• Ecosystem

• Ecozone

• Environment

Make a list in your zuidschrift, and give the most important features for each environment.

Example: Desert - Dry and hot

Environments - Animals

Animals live in all kinds of habitats:

• In water

  • Salt water; the sea

  • Fresh water; lakes

• On land

  • Dry and hot; the desert

  • Dry and cold; the tundra

  • Wet and hot; tropical forests

• (partly) in the air

Environments - Animals

In order to survive in these environments animals may have all kinds of adaptations to their bodies.

Think of an adaptation that an animal may have (in regards to one of the seven life characteristics) in each of these environments.

Copy the table to the right and fill in.

Environments - plants

Plants may also live in all kinds of environments

• In water

  • Salt water; the sea

  • Fresh water; lakes

• On land

  • Dry and hot; the desert

  • Dry and cold; the tundra

  • Wet and hot; tropical forests

Environments - plants

In order to survive in these environments plants may have all kinds of adaptations to their bodies.

Think of an adaptation that a plant may have in each of these environments.

Copy the table to the right and fill in.

Unit 2 - Organs & Cells

Paragraph 1

Organs of Animals

Learning objectives for paragraph 1:

• I can name the organs in a torso

• I can name the organs in organ systems of humans and animals

Organs

An organ is a part of a organism that performs a particular function (task) .

For example:

• The skin protects

• Heart pumps blood

• Intestines digest food

Organ systems

Most organs are part of a organ system.

Organ systems are groups of organs that work together to perform a particular task.

Some examples of organ systems are ...:

The respiratory system

Function: breathing

The skeletal system

Function: giving support and rigidity

The circulatory system

Function: transporting blood

Muscular system

Function: moving

Digestive system

Function: digesting food

Nervous system

Function: transmitting signals

Homework assignments

Make, from Theme 2, paragraph 1:

Assignments: 1 to 6.

Paragraph 2

Organs of plants

Learning objectives for paragraph 2:

• I can describe the construction and function of roots, stems, and leaves

• I can name the organ systems of plants and their function

Previous lesson

Remember:

• What are the names of the organs through which a plant transports substances ?

• What are the 3 functions of the root system of a plant?

• Which two substances are required for the process photosynthesis?

Previous lesson

Last lesson, we used a microscope to look at a cross-section of a stem and a cross-section of a leaf.

In the stem you could see vessels running through it.

Through a plant's vessels, a plant can transport water and nutrients.

Vascular bundles

Vascular bundles run through different parts of a plant:

• Through the roots

• Through the stem

• Through the leaves (veins)

Vascular bundles do not always look the same:

Vessels

Water is transported through the vessels of a plant. Dissolved in it may be:

• Minerals

• Glucose

Which of these is transported from the roots upwards? And which from the leaves downwards?

Transporting up

From the roots, water containing minerals is transported upwards. This happens through a special kind of vessel:

Xylem vessels are on the "wood" side of the plant (inside)

Transporting down

From the leaves, water containing glucose is transported downwards. This happens through a special type of vessel:

Phloem sits on the "bark" side of the plant (outside)

Homework assignments

Assignments with paragraph 2 (page 98)

Ex.1, 2, 3, 7

Finished quickly? Do Questions 4 and 5.

All stand up...

Get a question wrong, then sit down!

The liver is part of the digestive system

The function of the kidneys is to help digest food

Your brain is part of your nervous system

The three functions of a plant's root system are:

• Absorbing water

• Soak up carbon dioxide

• Stick to the ground

Xylem transport substances from high to low in a plant

There are up to two vascular bundles in a plant

Photosynthesis takes place in a plant's roots

What is the green part of a leaf, which is between the veins, called?

Next lesson

Next lesson we will look at tissues of plants and animals. We will again use a microscope for this.

To prepare for the lesson, take a look at the various images from paragraph 3.