2TTO Ch5.9

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Paragraph 5.9: STIs

Plan for this LessonUp

• Recap questions about paragraph 8 about birth control
• Theory about STIs (sexually transmitted infections)
• Questions about STIS

Learning goals

After this class: 

• You know how the female reproductive system works
• You know what birth control is.
• You know the different methods of birth control
• You know what STIs are
• You know how STIs are spread

Ovulation

Fertilization

Cell division

Implantation

1

2

4

5

7

14

Uterus

Vagina

Bladder

Ovary

Oviduct

Urethra

Recap birth control

Is the morning after pill a recommended contraceptive method?

1. Yes
2. No

Why is the male condom a popular contraceptive method?

1. It is cheap
2. It is reliable
3. It protects against sexually transmitted infections
4. All answers are correct

Is a woman allowed to get an abortion until the 24th week of pregnancy?

1. Yes
2. No
3. No, she can ony use a morning after pill
4. No, she can only use a IUD (intra-uterine device)

Reliable

Not reliable

Emergency measure

Condom

the pill

Collitus interruptus

Rhythm method

Morning after pil

Abortion

Why is coïtus interruptus not a reliable birth control method?

1. There are already some spermcells in the pre-seminal fluid
2. Boys are often too late in retreating

Explain in at least two sentences what you think an STI is.

STI = sexually transmitted infections

What is an STI?

An STI is a sexually transmitted infection mostly spread by sexual intercourse.

Write down two questions you have now about STI's. We will come back to these questions at the end of the class.

How do you get an STI?

You can get an STI (or STD) from other people

• Since these diseases commonly spread via sex, we call them  'sexually transmitted infections'
• Most often, STIs come from bacteria, parasites or viruses.
• Having unprotected (unsafe) sex is one way to get it, there are a few others

STD = sexually transmitted disease 

The term STI is preferred by scientists, but the term STD  is also used.  

Do you think you are able to prevent getting a STI? Explain your answer

Except for not having sex, using a condom is the only way to really protect yourself from getting an STI

If you do decide to have sex how can you protect yourself?

0

Options you have in preventing STIs

- Limiting the number of sexual partners you have

- Getting tested frequently

- Talking to your partner about each others sexual history

- Avoiding drugs and or alcohol

- Educating yourself in what STIs there are and how you could get them

Options you have in preventing STIs

Latex barriers

    - Condoms

    - Internal/Female condoms

    - Dental Dam

How to get rid of STI's

STIs can be bacteria, parasites and viruses

- Antibiotics (against bacteria, sometimes parasites)

Often in a single dose, can cure many sexually transmitted bacterial and parasitic infections

- Antiviral drugs (against viruses)

If you have herpes or HIV, you'll be prescribed an antiviral drug.

However, there is one problem!

• You can not get rid of every STI. Some STIs you can treat and they won't bother you, but they will remain in the body and come back as a disease when your immune system is not working properly (for instance when you get a cold). 
• The two most well-known permanent STIs are HIV and Herpes.
• Herpes can present on different parts of the body, the most common one being on the lips (koortslip). You can get this lip-version from drinking out of someones glass!
• HIV is much more difficult to get! A simple condom can prevent that.

Types of STI's and how you get them.

What is true about STIs?

In the next slide, you will find some common thoughts about STIs. Some of them are true, others aren't. What do you think?

You can contract an STI via a toilet seat

1. True
2. False

You may inherit a STI from you parents, so there are genes for STI's

1. True
2. False

Once you've had an STI, there is no chance of getting it again

1. True
2. False

The most widespread STI in NL is Chlamydia

1. True
2. False

You may never be re-infected with the same STI

1. True
2. False

You may contract a STI also through oral or anal sex

1. True
2. False

Washing your genitals after sex, protects you against a STI infection

1. True
2. False

If your 'potential' partner has an STI you will see it

1. True
2. False

Only people in their puberty and older can contract a STI

1. True
2. False

Chlamydia 

- Very common among young people.

- Boys may experience pain in the scrotum and penis, or a watery discharge from the penis.

- Girls get pain in the vagina and/or blood loss outside menstruation.

- Easy to fight with antibiotics.

- Can lead to ectopic pregnancy and infertility (girls)

- Can lead to epididymis inflammation. 

HIV and AIDS

HIV

• HIV is the most well known STI because it can cause lots of problems
• HIV affects the immune system, which makes it easier to get other problems (lung infections etc)
• Eventually, the immune system would not work anymore. If we get to that point, we call the disease AIDS 

• People with AIDS do not have long to live, people with HIV can live for a very long time (if treated correctly)

AIDS = Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome

AIDS

• AIDS is caused by HIV, so you can call HIV the AIDS-virus
• Someone could be infected with HIV, but not feel sick. That's what you call seropositive.
• Most people infected with HIV also get AIDS. This can take years.
• The 'Red Ribbon' is the international symbol for people with HIV/AIDS.

What is the difference between AIDS and HIV?

Can you get AIDS/HIV through sneezing and coughing?

1. Yes
2. No

Why is it so hard to cure HIV/AIDS?

What do you do if you think you have an STI?

• An STI never goes away on its own! 
  
• Even without symptoms you can be sick
• Go to your doctor, GGD or Centrum Seksuele Gezondheid, They can treat you anonymously!
• Take an STI-test
• A STI-test doesn't hurt (often it's a urine test or smear test).

Smear test = uitstrijkje

There is also a selftest online to check what you have to do if you are worried that you have a STI or if you want to know more about STIs:
https://soatest.advies.chat/

For now: check the website and see how it looks like and what your advice is!

Finished?

Make sure you have watched all the videos and answered all the questions!

Complete questions 50-57 in your workbook.

Any questions left?