Gold Unit 3 Speaking - Reading - Grammar pp 30 - 32

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• MBO
• Studiejaar 2

Gold Unit 3 Speaking - Reading - Grammar

Learning goals

Speaking: comparing - contrasting - speculating

Reading: author's intention

Grammar: Present perfect and past simple

What is on your bucket list?
Mention four things.

What do these photos have in common?

A) They show things which are important to people.

B) They show people in unusual situations.

Fill in: like or  as if/ as though 

Where can you use both?

Language for speculating:

It looks like  + noun phrase

It looks like      an old car.

It looks as if/ as though/ like + sentence

It looks as if / as though/ like  she is very happy with her family.

Which word can replace the word in brackets:
[While ]the man may have a passion for his car, it's probably not something he'll own for his whole life.

1. Whereas
2. although

Which word can replace the word in brackets:
The first picture is celebrating an achievement [whereas] the second picture shows someone who values an important possession.

1. while
2. although

Language for contrasting

While  / Whereas - used to contrast two different ideas.

He’s quite short, whereas his sister is tall.

Although - used to introduce the contrast between two ideas that are related.

Although it rained a lot, we’ve still enjoyed our holiday.

We’ve still enjoyed our holiday, although it rained a lot.

Speaking practice: in pairs 

Reading - Multiple choice

• What is being tested?

Your ability to understand a text in detail.

Main idea, specific details, writer's opinion/attitude/purpose, meaning of words and phrases, examples and references.

• What do you have to do?

Read the text and answer six questions.

The questions follow the order of the text.

Reading - Multiple choice

• Strategy

1. Read the instructions title and sub-heading of the text.

2. Skim the text to get a general idea of what it is about.

3. Read each question and highlight the keywords ( don't worry about the four options yet).

4. For each question highlight the part of the text that the question relates to.

Reading - Multiple choice

5. Read the text again carefully. When you find a part of the text that you highlighted, look at the question and the four options and decide on the answer. The meaning will be the same but the language will be different.

6. Check all the options again carefully, crossing out ones that are obviously wrong.

7. Make your decision. If you are not sure, choose the option that seems most likely.

8. When you have completed all the questions, transfer your answer to the answer sheet.

Final tips

Search for linking words: however - but - otherwise

Search for similar meaning of words.

Remember: the writer's intention is often expressed in a few sentences 

It cannot be found in just a synonym for a word in the question and in the text.

Reading page 30 - 31

Do exercises  2 - 3- 4

• Underline in the text the evidence you found for your answer.
• Compare your answers with a partner.
• Discuss the questions you disagree on and decide on the best answer.

Check your answer with the teacher.

Do exercise 5 and 6

Answer key text page 31

1 [D] She's sympathetic to their feelings. = 

I completely understand their desire to be part of it all.

2 [C]   contrast different types of emotional attachments. = 

There are those who ...However, there are also ordinary people who...

Answer key text page 31

3 [A ] it helps people learn how to express their emotions.=

Passions are deep, full of joy and pain, teaching you how to sob when you feel hurt, how to react to disappointment..

4 [B]  'thin on the ground' in line 30 = something which occurs infrequently

... they do not happen every week

Answer key text page 31

5 [C] sports fans can behave uncharacteristically.

Calm, controlled middle-aged women are suddenly prepared to....Otherwise coll, fashionable students are happy to ...

6 [D] to argue that a passion for sport provides an opportunity to experience highs and lows

Passions are a rehearsal for life...even when they let you down.

Exercise 6 page 31 -ed adjectives 

Ask your partner these questions.

1. What sports do you get excited about? What sports do you find exciting?

2 Do you ever get frustrated  with a sportsperson/team? Which person / team do you find frustrating?

3 Who are you impressed by ? Who do you find impressive?

4 Who or what do you get annoyed by?

5 What do you sometimes feel embarrassed by? Who do you find embarrassing?

Grammar focus: present perfect and past simple

I've been mad about surfing since the first time I tried it.

Since April I have been having lessons.

Last month I won my first contest.

present perfect simple
Examples:
"I have always wanted it." " She has seen that film ten times."
When do you use the present perfect?
To talk about....

1. ...states (toestand) over a period of time
2. ... repeated actions over a period of time
3. both A and B

Present Perfect simple

Form: Have/ has + past participle ( voltooid deelwoord)

Use: 

• states or actions over a period of time, up to and including the present.

I have worked at Jumbo for 4 months now.

He has never been to Spain.

•  action in the past with result now.

The printer has broken down. I can't print.

My package has just arrived. 

Signal words: Fyne jas 

Mnemonic ( ezelsbruggetje) 

FOR - YET - NEVER - EVER - JUST - ALREADY - SINCE

use the present perfect simple

I have waited FOR ages.

They have not sent it YET.

He has NEVER been to Australia.

Bert has JUST  left  a minute ago.

Which sentence is correct?

1. I did not inform the manager yet.
2. I have not informed the manager yet.

Which verb fits in the gap:
I .... that shirt three times since a bought it.

1. only wore
2. have only worn

Translate:
Wij exporteren al vijf jaar kaas.

Present perfect continuous
Examples:
"I have been training."
"He has been replying emails all morning."
This tense refers to

1. A single action in the past
2. an activity that has gone on in the past for a longer time

present perfect continuous

Form: have been/ has been + VERB +ING

Use: to talk about an activity or action that has been going on in the past, with  link to the present.

Which verb fits in the gap:
I ..... driving lessons for months but I'm not getting any better.

1. have
2. have been having

Which verb fits in the gap:
When I was in primary school, all my friends .....football, not rugby.

1. have been playing
2. played

Past simple

Form: VERB+ ED or irregular verbs : see - SAW - seen

Questions: DID + INFINITIVE

Use: to talk about a finished event, habit or state in the past.

Signal words: last week, five years ago, yesterday, when I was 10

Translate into English
We hebben dit vorige week gestuurd.

Which verb fits in the gap:
They .... that house for ages and it's still only half-finished.

1. built
2. have built
3. have been building

What is the correct form of the verb:
I...(just/ see) Carrie, she sent you her best wishes.

Recap

Past simple:  I bought Nikes last night. (finished past event)

Present perfect simple: I have just repaired the printer. ( single action, relevant now)

Present perfect simple: I have always worked hard. ( started in the past, related to the present)

Present perfect continuous: I have been working hard to finish all assignments. ( focus on activity or action, still relevant)

Do you understand the difference between:
I bought - I have bought - I have been buying

yes, I do

a little bit

it's still confusing

Over to you: page 32

Read the grammar reference on page 145

Do exercises on page 32:

 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6  - 7 -  8