Revision year 1 - Plate tectonics: earthquakes and volcanos

Revision year 1 -
Plate tectonics: earthquakes and volcanos
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Slide 1: Tekstslide
AardrijkskundeMiddelbare schoolvwoLeerjaar 2

In deze les zitten 22 slides, met tekstslides en 3 videos.

time-iconLesduur is: 45 min

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Revision year 1 -
Plate tectonics: earthquakes and volcanos

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

Slide 2 - Video

Layers of the earth
Inner core: solid made out of nickel and iron. Very warm (4000 and 6000 degrees C.)

Outer core: liquid also made out of nickel and iron. Cooler around 3000 - 4500 degrees C.



 

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

Layers of the earth
Mantle: thickest layer of the earth, liquid but also moveable. 

Crust: layer we live on, solid and very thin. Made of rocks.

 

Slide 4 - Tekstslide

Earth’s crust is always changing
Natural forces

Exogenic                          Endogenic
change the Earth’s crust                         change the Earth's crust
from the outside                       from the inside

weatering / erosion                             vulcanos/earthquakes

Slide 5 - Tekstslide

Two different earth plates
  1. Oceanic plate (Thin but heavy)
  2. continental plate (Thick but lighter)

Slide 6 - Tekstslide

We have two types of tectonic plates:

Oceanic plates:
  • Found under oceans, 
  • thin (up to 10 kilometres)     but heavier. 
  • Made of basalt.




Continental plates:
  • Found under continents, 
  • thick (up to 75 kilometres)     but lighter. 
  • Made of granite.

Slide 7 - Tekstslide

Basalt
Granite

Slide 8 - Tekstslide

The puzzle pieces of the crust
The crust is broken up into several pieces called tectonic plates.
These plates move around because of convection currents (= movement of liquid rock in the mantle, caused by heat of the inner core).
Plate tectonics = The movement of tectonic plates.
Plate boundaries = The places where two plates meet.

So if you thought Earth plates were formed in the
following way, as in the video Ice Age, then you are
wrong. 

Slide 9 - Tekstslide

Plate tectonics is nothing new.
   

The earth's history is filled with plate movements, 250 million years ago all the plates formed one huge supercontinent called Pangea.

Slide 10 - Tekstslide

Slide 11 - Tekstslide

Slide 12 - Video

This process also happens in the mantle of the Earth.
Convection current causes fractures and thus the creation of earth plates.

Slide 13 - Tekstslide

Three different plate movements
  1. Plates move away from each other = divergent movement
  2. Plates move toward each other = convergent movement
  3. Plates slide alongside each other = transform movement

Slide 14 - Tekstslide

Slide 15 - Video

Hypocentre and epicentre
Epicentre: Central point of the earthquake on the Earth’s surface.
Hypocentre: Location in the Earth where the stress has been released.


Slide 16 - Tekstslide

Richter Scale


Slide 17 - Tekstslide

Volcanism

Slide 18 - Tekstslide

Mid-oceanic ridge
Divergent plate movement in the ocean.

Slide 19 - Tekstslide

Mid oceanic ridge
  • Divergent movement
  • Oceanic and oceanic plate

Volcanoes in the oceans can become volcanic islands 

Slide 20 - Tekstslide

young maintain range vs old mountain range

Slide 21 - Tekstslide

Old mountain range
Young mountain range

Slide 22 - Tekstslide