3H - lesson 22: modals + negations

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Welcome H3E!

This lesson is about the grammar topic modals + negations.

Welcome H3E!

This lesson is about the grammar topic modals + negations.

28 juni 7e uur

GTT Chapter 4

Modals & negations

modals = hulp werkwoorden die mogelijkheid, waarschijnlijkheid, noodzaak aangeven.

Wanneer gebruiken? 

toestemming vragen
mogelijkheid uitdrukken
verplichting uitdrukken

Examples:

• can / could / may / might
• could / be able to
• should / ought to

Overview modals

+                                         -                                          Example

can / could         ---> can't / couldn't     --->  example: I can't open the window / He couldn't open it.

= Mogelijkheid, verzoek, aanbod. Could is de beleefdheidsvorm en verledentijdsvorm van can.

(to) be able to    ---> to (not) be able to    ---> example:   I am not able to swim, because I broke my
= Ergens toe in staat zijn                                                                   leg last week.

may / might        ---> may not / might not   ---> example:     She may not leave her room.
= Toestemming vragen of om te zeggen dat iets (niet) is toegestaan. 
might is de beleefdere vorm & verledentijdsvorm van may 

Overview modals

+                               -                                                                           Example

should                  ---> shouldn't                                      --->  example: You shouldn't go there by yourself.

= Als jij vindt dat iets (niet) zou moeten. Advies geven of iets afraden

ought to               ---> ought not to                               ---> example: You ought not to use curse words.

= Formeler dan should 

must                        ---> musn't                                          --->   example:     You mustn't share my secret. 

= Krachtiger / dringender dan should 

have / has to        --->   don't / doesn't have to        --->   example: We don't have to do homework.

= Uitdrukken van zekerheid, noodzaak of verplichting. Om te zeggen dat iets moet van iemand anders.

1. Negation of:
must

2. Negation of:
have to

3. Negation of:
could

4. I _______ play the guitar but I can play the piano.

Modal verbs

Obligation and prohibition -> must, have to, mustn't

Advice-> ought to, shouldn't 

Lack of obligation-> don't have to

Which modal verbs show obligation?

1. have to
2. must
3. ought to
4. don't have to

Which modal verbs show advice?

1. have to
2. shouldn't
3. ought to
4. must

Which modal verbs show a lack of obligation?

1. have to
2. don't have to
3. must
4. ought to

I_____________ pack my bags. We leave in an hour.

1. ought to
2. shouldn't

Do we___________ get a visa for the USA?

1. have to
2. should

I'm going to China soon. I _____________ buy a guidebook.

1. must
2. don't have to

The plane leaves at 9 a.m., but we ___________ be there until 7 a.m.

1. mustn't
2. don't have to

It's going to be very hot at the beach. We _____________ forget the sun cream.

1. must
2. mustn't

Maybe you_______go outside and get some fresh air.

1. has to
2. have to
3. must
4. should

I ____ study today.

1. has to
2. have to
3. must
4. should

All soldiers ____ wear a uniform.

1. shouldn't
2. should
3. has to
4. have to

All divers ____ wear a suit when the water is cold.

1. shouldn't
2. should
3. has to
4. have to

You ____ eat so much junk food. It isn't good for you.

1. haven't to
2. should
3. shouldn't
4. must

It's raining, I think you ____ take an umbrella with you.

1. mustn't
2. should
3. shouldn't
4. have to

You ________________
attend the meeting if you don't want to; it's not obligatory

1. should't
2. don't have to
3. are not able to
4. couldn't

When you visit a new country, you _____________try to learn the language.

It's a long train journey. We ___________ forget to take lots of food and water with us.

You__________ go to a travel agency. You can buy your tickets online.

6. I can sing now but I ________sing very well when I was a child.

7. ________ I use your phone, please?