10.2 Puberty

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Schedule of today

• Test knowledge
• Instruction

        Physical changes
        Onset of puberty
        Gender and gender dysphoria

• Homework
• End of class

Learning objectives

You will learn how and why your body changes during puberty.

This Chapter

To grow up

Puberty

Relationships

STIs (STDs)

Changes in your brain

When does puberty end?

1. When you start to grow hair under your armpits and become tall enough.
2. When you are sixteen years old.
3. When the psychical (psychische) changes that tyically occur during puberty have been completed.

Where are hormones produced?

1. In hormone glands
2. In your blood
3. In your cerebrum

How do hormones travel through your body? Through the..

1. Hormone cells
2. Bloodstream
3. Nerve cells
4. Receptor cells

Which of the purple hormones on the right controls the adjacent cell?

a. the one on the left

b. the one in the middle

c. the one on the right

Physical changes

sexual characteristics = all the differences between girls and boys

• primary sexual characteristics = visible from birth

• secondary sexual characteristsic = develops between the ages of 10 and 16 (puberty)
• tertiary sexual characteristics = non-physical differences between boys and girls (clothing, behavior etc.)

What does the word 'fertile' mean?

What does the word 'fertile' mean?

Fertile (vruchtbaar) = when you are able to produce offspring.

First period

First ejaculation

the physical differences between boys and girls that are visible from birth

differences in clothing, thinking, and the way you act

the physical differences between boys and girls that develop during puberty

primary sexual characteristics

secondary sexual characteristics

tertiary sexual characteristics

Other changes

1. Acne = pimples by infection of blocked sebaceous glands.

• Sebum (talg) = a fatty substance that protects your skin.

2. Sweating

3. Changes in emotions

4. Identity development

Onset of puberty

Pituitary gland (=hypofyse) produces hormones that target sex organs to produce sex hormones

• Boys: testosterone
• Girls: oestrogen

Gender

Gender/sex (EN) = geslacht (DU)

Gender dysphoria = what you have when your feelings

 and behaviour do not correspond with your gender.

• Transgender = people with gender dysphoria.
• Transsexual = when you change your gender.
• Transvestite = occasionally dresses in clothes 

      associated with the opposite sex, but does not have the feeling they were born in the            wrong body

What happens if you want to change your gender?

1. General physical and psychological tests:

whether you are absolutely certain about the sex change.

2. Cross-sex hormone therapy:

medicines that suppress your own sex hormones you will get the sex hormones of the gender you wish to become (figure 7).

3. A ‘real life test’:

• the transsexual will have to lead their lives completely in the role of the other sex (16-24 months)

4. Various surgeries: 

• breast augmentation or reduction, facial surgeries, voice change.

5. Sex reassignment surgery: 

• sex organs are removed and replaced. (18+)

What?	Make: 10.2 assignments 1- 15
How?	In your (online) book. Choose: whispering or listening to music on your laptop.
Help?	Raise your hand. If he/she is not listening to music, you may ask your neighbour first.
Time?	10-15 minutes
Finished?	Work on another subject.
Proceeds	You have finished your homework! Well done!