Past Simple vs Present Perfect

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• mavo, havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Past Simple vs Present Perfect

Lesdoel:

Aan het einde van de les kun je een werkwoord in de verleden (past simple) of in de voltooide tegenwoordige tijd (present perfect) zetten.  Je kan de juiste tijd in een zin zetten.

What do you remember about the past simple?
(regular AND irregular verbs)

How to create the present perfect

Present Perfect:

- Voltooid tegenwoordige tijd

- Je wilt zeggen dat iets in het verleden is begonnen en nu nog bezig is of het resultaat is nu nog steeds zichtbaar.

- Of je praat over ervaringen (in iemands leven) tot nu toe. 

-  Have/has + voltooid deelwoord (regular verbs: +ed / irregular verbs: 3e kolom (grammar survey 23))

Spain example: (Tot nu toe nog nooit geweest, maar wil niet zeggen dat ik nooit ga)

Denmark example: 23 jaar geleden is zij daar naartoe verhuisd en ze woont er nog steeds.

How to create the present perfect

Examples:

- I've been in hospital for three weeks. (still there)

- I was in hospital for three weeks. (not there anymore)

- Michael has never been to America. (still alive, so can still go)

- Michael never went to America. (maybe died? or very ill, he can't go in the future)

Spain example: (Tot nu toe nog nooit geweest, maar wil niet zeggen dat ik nooit ga)

Denmark example: 23 jaar geleden is zij daar naartoe verhuisd en ze woont er nog steeds.

How to create the present perfect

Vraagzinnen:

Have/has vooraan de zin zetten: Have/has + onderwerp + voltooid deelwoord

- Have you been to Spain?

- Has Susie lived in Denmark for 23 years?

Ontkennende zinnen:

Not achter have/has zetten: Have/has + not + voltooid deelwoord

- We haven't met him yet.

- The rain has not stopped since this morning. 

met example: yet = een signaalwoord. Kan dus nog wel gebeuren dat we hem ontmoeten.

Rain example: het regent nu nog steeds.

Past Simple

yesterday

... ago

last ... (bijv. year, week, etc.)

when ...

in 1987

this morning

etc.

Present Perfect

(FYNE JAS)

For (how long)

Yet

Never

Ever

Just

Always

Since

+ lately

Signaalwoorden

Verschil tussen de Past Simple en de Present Perfect

• My family lived in Australia for 18 years.
  My family has lived in Australia for 18 years.

• I bought a new bike. (nadruk op de actie -> bought)
  I have bought  a new bike. (nadruk op het resultaat -> new bike)

Which tense is this?

I have known him all my life.

1. Past Simple
2. Present Perfect

Which tense is this?

My cat died last week.

1. Past Simple
2. Present Perfect

Which tense is this?
My mother didn't find her watch
this morning.

1. Past Simple
2. Present Perfect

Which tense is this?

My friends left the party 3 hours ago.

1. Past Simple
2. Present Perfect

Which tense is this?

He has never heard this song before.

1. Past Simple
2. Present Perfect

Fill in the correct form.

My friends and I ___ to Oxford last year.

1. went
2. have been

Fill in the correct form.

___ Mike ___ in France in 2001?

1. Did ... live?
2. Has ... lived?

Fill in the correct form.

I ___ anything yet. I'm hungry!

1. didn't eat
2. haven't eaten

Fill in the correct form.

The kitten ___ the vase.

1. already broke
2. has already broken

Resultaat is dat de vaas nog steeds gebroken is.

Fill in the correct form.

___ we ___ too much candy yesterday?

1. Did ... bought
2. Have ... bought
3. Did ... buy
4. Has ... buyed

Fill in the correct form.

My brother ___ the dishes yet.

1. hasn't did
2. didn't do
3. didn't done
4. hasn't done

Fill in the correct form.
Our neighbours ___ to a new city
last week.

1. moved
2. have moved
3. has moved
4. did moved

Hoe maak je een Past Simple (PS) en een Present Perfect (PP)?

Wanneer gebruik je de Present Perfect?

Wat snap je nog niet goed? Leg zo nauwkeurig mogelijk uit!

Ask your teacher for more exercises or click on this link!