Grammar 3: Modals

• Engels
• MBO
• Studiejaar 2

Grammar 3: Modals

TO DO list for today

• Toets: Listening
• checking: ex. 28
• Grammar: modals
• Exercises 29 -30-31-32-33
• (writing?)
• Describe the picture: guess the location

What do you notice?
1. I can speak English
2. I should speak English
3. I must speak English

Modals: What are they? 

Modals = hulpwerkwoorden

1. I can speak English

2. I should speak English

3. I must speak English

Those words cannot stand alone.

They help define the meaning of an action.

so...

modal verbs are used to help express:

• obligation
• permission
• ability
• possibility
• advice

Ability

• Can and could

In this case, could is the past time of can.

I can speak 2 languages.

He could speak 2 languages when he was 7.

When I was younger, I ____ do a split

1. can
2. could

Permission

Can, could, may

Can I sit in that chair, please?       

> informal

Could I open the window?             

> polite     

May I borrow your dictionary?     

> formal      

POV: You are having dinner with the queen.
Je wil het zout graag hebben.

1. May I have the salt please ?
2. Can you give me the salt?

Advice

should

You should water your plant.

You should go to the dentist.

Make a sentence using the word "should"

Obligation

Must, have to

I must memorize all tenses.

You have to pay taxes. 

Write down a rule you have to follow at school or home, using "must" or "have to"

Possibility 

Might, may, could, can

It might be very expensive

He may be coming to see us tomorrow

Can/could it be true? 

will - would - shall

Will:  future, promise

I will do that tomorrow

would: polite question, preference,

Would you help me with this?

I would like a cup of tea

shall: offer, confirmation, promise

I shall meet you there.

shall I help with that? 

Let's end this chapter!

Go to page 185

do exercises 29, 30, 31, 32

Remember: sometimes, multiple answers are correct. 

Write a personal letter about...

• Halloween
• flower power 
• science fiction
• The army/Bootcamp 

Page 322, assignment 7

Describe the picture

One person describes one of the pictures on your paper. Dont mention the word under the picture!

The other person has to guess where the picture is, or what it is about.