6.1 Europa na Napoleon en 6.3 Modern Imperialisme

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Nationalism and imperialism

Chapter 6

What do you know about Napoleon?

What does nationalism mean?

Battle of Waterloo 1815

Napoleon was defeated of the last time! 

exiled to Saint Helena

6.1 Europe after Napoleon

6.1 Europe after Napoleon

What you will learn:

- how large states in Europe maintained the peace 

- how nationalism arose 

- how the Franco-German War broke out and unfolded

- how international tension increased

The Congress of Vienna

• After Napoleon was defeated, the European powers (= strong states) decided that Europe needed to be reorganized. The victors over Napoleon met in Vienna for this purpose.
  Goals:

Return power to the nobility (= conservatives!)

Restore Europe to how it was before the French Revolution

Nationalism

A preference for your own country, based on a shared language, history, and culture.

Characteristics:

The idea that your country and people are better than others (= superiority)

The idea that every people has the right to a Nation-state: a state in which one people lives.

Nationalism

Nationalism emerged in the 19th century because people began to feel connected to each other through major wars.

Many peoples wanted to live together in one state.

Why is it wise for large countries in Europe to be roughly equally strong?

Schrijf op wat je je nog van vorige les herinnert.

Germanyn during the 19th century

The Prussian chancellor Bismarck wanted to unify Germany.

He aimed to achieve this through a war with France in 1871.
The Franco-German War

Motives:

Revenge for the Napoleonic Wars

To show that a unified Germany was strong enough to defeat a great power

Germany during the 19th century

Prussia was the largest and strongest state, they won the war against France.

Consequences:

1. France had to give up the border province of Alsace-Lorraine
2. The Prussian king Wilhelm I became emperor of Germany
3. The German Empire was unified in 1871: Germany

Assigment

 Your will create a nationalist propaganda poster that encourages people to support the idea of a united nation. groups of 3/4

A slogan that reflects nationalist ideas (e.g., unity, pride, strength, shared culture).

A symbol or image that represents the nation (e.g., a flag, a historical figure, a national animal, etc.).

A short explanation (3–5 sentences in English) of:

What country or people you represent.

What nationalist message you are trying to spread.

Why nationalism is important in your context.

Modern imperialisme

= het stichten van wereldrijken
door Europese mogendheden
door de uitbuiting van
(voormalige) koloniën. 

Modern imperialisme: motieven

1. Economisch
   grondstoffen winnen + creëren afzetmarkt 
2. Politiek
   status en aanzien (nationalisme!) 
3. Cultureel 
   superioriteitsgevoel + beschavingsplicht (white man's burden)

Modern imperialisme: motieven

Modern imperialisme

= niet hetzelfde als kolonialisme!

Verschillen:

- Europese landen gaan ook het bestuur overnemen van de kolonie

- Europese landen gebruiken de koloniën voor bevordering van industrie in eigen land. 

- Gedreven door nationalisme (superioriteit, aanzien) 

- Voornaamste doel van m.i. = wereldrijk stichten 

- Voornaamste doel van kolonialisme = geld verdienen met handelen

Conferentie van Berlijn

Een bijeenkomst van de belangrijkste Westerse mogendheden in Berlijn (onder leiding van Bismarck) in 1884.

Hiermee startte de Wedloop om Afrika: 
De Europese mogendheden verdeelden hier
alle landen die nog niet gekoloniseerd waren.
Dit ging vaak gepaard met veel geweld,
uitbuiting en moord.
→ België in Congo

een spotprent gemaakt rond 1900. De vrouw in het wit heeft een vlag met 'beschaving' erop, de man rechts een vlag waarop staat 'barbaren'

Leg uit met 1 beeldelement welk motief van het modern imperialisme in deze prent naar voren komt.