Modal verbs

Modal verbs (modals)
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Slide 1: Tekstslide
EngelsMiddelbare schoolhavo, vwoLeerjaar 2

In deze les zitten 23 slides, met interactieve quizzen en tekstslides.

time-iconLesduur is: 30 min

Onderdelen in deze les

Modal verbs (modals)

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

Must + infinitive
must + infinitive: moeten, personal necessity (persoonlijke noodzaak)
Ex: We must go to the concert, it is supposed to be amazing!
Ex.: I must go to grandma this afternoon.
must + infinitive: moeten, het kan niet anders.
Ex.: You must be Jack.
Ex.: They must be tired after such a long day.


Slide 2 - Tekstslide

Mustn´t + infinitive
mustn't + infinitive: niet mogen/moeten
Ex. I mustn't be home late. 
Ex.: We mustn´t eat the entire cake. 
Ex.: You mustn´t drive so fast, you´ll get a fine if you are not careful. 

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

Have to + infinitive
have to+ infinitive: obligations (verplichtingen van buitenaf opgelegd). Think about university, school, work, your parents, the government, the law.
Ex.: You have to pass the test to be considered for that university.
Ex.: You have to clean up your room if you want to get pocket money!

Slide 4 - Tekstslide

Uitzondering
"Must" is also used  in WRITTEN rules and instructions:
You MUST submit your proposal by noon on 12th July.
You MUST NOT use a calculator during the exam.

Slide 5 - Tekstslide

Slide 6 - Tekstslide

don't/doesn't have to + infinitive
don't/doesn't have to+ infinitive: niet hoeven (no obligations, geen verplichtingen).
Ex. You don't have to cook if you do not want to.
Ex.: She doesn´t have to go to bed early: it´s Saturday!
Ex.: I don´t have to go to the supermarket ; my mum has already been there.

Slide 7 - Tekstslide

Must and have to: summary
Have to and must both mean 'moeten' in Dutch 
The context in which you use them is different!
Must: personal necessities
Have to: obligation (when someone else tells you what to do: school, the law, the government, your parents, your job etc.)
Note: the difference between must and have to is slowly disappearing in modern day English.

Slide 8 - Tekstslide

Note!
The negatives of must (mustn´t) and have to (don´t/doesn´t have to) mean something different.
mustn´t: niet moeten/mogen
don´t/doesn´t have to: niet hoeven

Slide 9 - Tekstslide

Should + infinitive
should+ infinitive: zou eigenlijk moeten (advise or a suggestion)
Ex.: You should brush your teeth twice a day.
Ex.: They should help their eldery neighbour more often.
Ex. I should buy less clothes, but I simply can´t resist the sale.



Slide 10 - Tekstslide

Shouldn't + infinitive
shouldn't + infinitive: zou eigenlijk niet moeten.
Ex.: He shouldn't eat so many chocolates.
Ex.: We shouldn't have been so rude to her.
Ex.: She shouldn´t buy so much food, it is not healthy.

Slide 11 - Tekstslide

can 
could
be able to 
be allowed to
= kunnen / mogen 



= present simple


I can play the guitar.
= zou kunnen, verleden tijd van can, beleefd vragen 

= past + present simple 


I could play the guitar.
Could I open a window please?
= kunnen / in staat zijn 



= alle tijden (vooral future > will be able to)

I will be able to speak French next year.

= mogen / toestemming vragen  of hebben

= alle tijden (vooral future > will be allowed to)
He will be allowed to party when he is 18.

Slide 12 - Tekstslide

Certain (zeker) - uncertain (onzeker)
can - kan
She can swim.   (Zij kan zwemmen.)
could - zou zunnen
He  could help you.
(Hij zou je kunnen helpen.)
may - zou misschien kunnen
She may come tonight - (Het zou (misschien) kunnen dat ze vanavond komt)
might - zou heel misschien kunnen
He might still show up - Heel misschien komt hij nog

Slide 13 - Tekstslide

may vs might
  • Je gebruikt may en might om aan te geven dat iets mogelijk is. In veel gevallen kun je zowel may als might gebruiken. 
  • Might geeft iets meer onzekerheid aan dan may
  • Bij een situatie die niet waar is, gebruik je altijd might. Dus: If it wasn’t raining today, I might be happier. (Als het niet regende vandaag, zou ik blijer zijn.) 
  • Je kunt may (en might) ook gebruiken als je iets wil vragen. Dit is netter dan can of could.

Slide 14 - Tekstslide

Would + infinitive
would + infinitive: zou, polite question
Ex.: I would never go there on my own.
Ex.: Would you mind moving over? I would like to sit there.

Slide 15 - Tekstslide

Wouldn't + infinitive
wouldn't + infinitive: zou niet.
Ex.: I wouldn't do that if I were you.
Ex: My dad wouldn't like a book for his birthday.
Ex.: You would not betray me, would you?

Slide 16 - Tekstslide

...you help me, please?
A
Should
B
Could
C
Must
D
Have to

Slide 17 - Quizvraag

You...be 18 to drive a car.
A
have to
B
would
C
should
D
mustn't

Slide 18 - Quizvraag

Lisa, tell your brother he...be in bed at 8 PM.
A
must
B
had to
C
should
D
mustn't

Slide 19 - Quizvraag

I think they...leave him alone, he has done nothing wrong.
A
have to
B
must
C
don't have to
D
should

Slide 20 - Quizvraag

She...do anything to get a date with Derek.
A
have to
B
must
C
would
D
could

Slide 21 - Quizvraag

Online practice
On the following slide there is a link to an online exercise.
Please fill it in , check your answers and send me some screenshots.

Slide 22 - Tekstslide

Slide 23 - Link