Lesson 1 - Units of Conversion
Welcome!
Begin your starter:
Under Data Rep in your Do Now Section
Lesduur is: 60 minOnderdelen in deze les
Welcome!
Begin your starter:
Under Data Rep in your Do Now Section
How many digits are in the human number system?
5
10
12
8
What two numbers can computers understand?
0 and 1
0 and 9
2 and 3
1 and 2
What are computers primarily made up of?
Software and data
Cables and wires
Hardware and switches
Screens and keyboards
How must human numbers be converted for computers?
To octal
To hexadecimal
To binary form
To decimal form
What format represents colours on a computer?
Hexadecimal
Binary
Decimal
ASCII
What’s inside your computer
Hardware
hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system — the parts you can see and touch.
Both internal (inside) and external (outside)
Nonphysical components that run on your computer
Parts of a Mother Board
Is a webpage hardware?
Yes
No
Is a speaker hardware?
No
Yes
Is the internet hardware?
Yes
No
Is a mouse hardware?
No
Yes
Is an operating system such as iOS hardware?
Yes
No
9
Motherboard
A printed circuit board
Allows computer hardware to communicate with each other such as RAM, CPU
Hold the parts together and allows them to receive power
Parts of a Computer inside
10
Responsible for carrying out all tasks
Tells components what to do using the instructions given by the programs running on the computer
CPU
(Central Processing Unit)
Parts of a Computer inside
11
Parts of a Computer (can be inside and outside)
Hard Disk Drive
Large storage capacity
Long term memory (non-volatile)
Stores your data without needing power
These on/off states are interpreted as binary data
Computers understand only two states: power on, or power off
Switches only have two states – ON and OFF
That’s where you get 1 and 0.
Computers can only read binary data (1 and 0s)
Everything that a computer needs to process must be converted into a binary format
This format is used for storing numbers, text, images, sound and program instructions!
Have you heard of GB?
Yes
No
All binary data gets stored in units
Similar to how we do 10s, 100s, 1000s, computers have units of storage!
Bits and bytes
Many units are used for data storage in computers.
1 bit = a single 0 or 1 (b represents bit)
1 byte = 8 bits = 1 character of text (B represents byte)
(A nibble = 4 bits or half a byte)
1 kB (kilobyte) = 1000 bytes
1 MB (megabyte) = 1 million bytes
1 GB (gigabyte) = 1 billion bytes
1 TB (terabyte) = 1 Trillion bytes
Units of Storage
Katie
Makes
Great
Tea
How to Remember!
Today’s objective!
So what we will be learning is:
The units of measuring all this binary data (think gigabytes!)
How to convert binary numbers into human numbers
No Calculators
Mini Whiteboard work
Let’s how many bits are stored in 1 gigabyte.
1 gigabyte is equal to how many bytes?
1 gigabyte = 1 billion bytes (1,000,000,000 )
Our goal is figure out how many single 1s and 0s (bits) are in a gigabyte.
How many bits (1s and 0s) are in one byte?
1 byte = 8 bits
What type of math am I performing?
1,000,000,000 bytes * 8 bits = 8,000,000,000
Let’s how many bits are stored in 2 megabytes.
2 mega bytes is equal to how many bytes?
2 million bytes
1 byte is equal to how many bits?
8 bits
2,000,000 * 8 = 16,000,000
Let’s convert between units!
We have an audio file of 4,000,000 bits
How many is it in MB?
Let’s take a look at the next slide!
BYTE
KILOBYTE
MEGABYTE
GIGABYTE
TERABYTE
DOWN toward Terabyte you must DIVIDE
UP towards byte you must MUTIPLY
Let’s convert between units!
We have an audio file of 4,000,000 bits
How many is it in MB?
4,000,000 to bytes is __________
Bytes to Kilobytes is __________
Kilobytes to MB is____________
50
50,000
0.05
BYTE
KILOBYTE
MEGABYTE
GIGABYTE
TERABYTE
DOWN toward Terabyte you must DIVIDE
UP towards byte you must MUTIPLY
1.75 GB = 1,750 MB
1,750 * 1,000 = 1,750,000 KB
Convert 1.75 GB to KB.
How many TB are in 800,000 MB?
8,000,000 MB = 8,000 GB
8,000 GB = 8 TB
1 TB = 1,000,000,000 KB
3.2 × 1,000,000,000 =
3,200,000,000 KB
Convert 3.2 TB to KB.
2,500,000 bytes = 2,500 Kilobytes
2,500 kilobytes = 2.5 MB
If a file is 2,500,000 bytes, how many MB is it?
Place in size order Smallest at the Top
Let’s Practice!
In our class notebook (OneNote), there is a section called Data Rep
Go to Classwork>DataRep_1
Complete all questions in Starter + Task 1 + Task 2 + Task 3
10
minute
00
second
Extension
1. A backup file is 3,456,000 bytes. Convert this to megabytes (MB).
2. A movie is 2.75 GB. You want to store it on a USB drive that holds 2,500 MB. Will it fit?
3. A folder contains:3 files of 850 KB each
2 files of 1.5 MB each
1 file of 0.002 GB.
What is the total folder size in megabytes (MB)?
4. You have 1 TB of cloud storage. You’ve used 738,500 MB. How much space remains in gigabytes (GB)?
Let’s go over!
Using the draw function on the Class Notebook (OneNote) mark your work
Task 1
Question 1: Computers only understand 0s and 1s because they are made up of billions of switches.
Question 2: ON and OFF
Task 2
Question 1: 8,000,000 or 8 million bits
Question 2: 8,000,000,000 or 8 billion bits
Question 3: 8,000,000,000 or 8 trillion bits
Question 4: 3 million * 8 = 24 million bits
Question 5: 4 billion * 8 = 32 billion bits
Question 6: 2 billion * 8 = 16 Trillion bits
Task 3
1. How many bytes are there in 64 bits?
Answer: 8 bytes (1 byte = 8 bits → 64 ÷ 8 = 8)
2. Convert 2 kilobytes (KB) to bytes.
Answer: 2,000 bytes (1 KB = 1,000 bytes → 2 × 1,000 = 2,000)
3. A file is 5 megabytes (MB) in size. How many kilobytes (KB) is that?
Answer: 5,000 KB (1 MB = 1,000 KB → 5 × 1,000 = 5,000)
4. Convert 1.5 gigabytes (GB) to megabytes (MB).
Answer: 1,500 MB(1 GB = 1,000 MB → 1.5 × 1,000 = 1,500)
5. How many gigabytes (GB) are there in 2,000 megabytes (MB)?
Answer: 2 GB(2,000 ÷ 1,000 = 2)
6. Convert 3 terabytes (TB) to gigabytes (GB).
Answer: 3,000 GB(1 TB = 1,000 GB → 3 × 1,000 = 3,000)
Extension Answers
1. A backup file is 3,456,000 bytes. Convert this to megabytes (MB).
3,456,000 bytes ÷ 1,000 = 3,456 KB3,456 KB ÷ 1,000 = 3.456 MB
Answer: 3.456 MB
2. A movie is 2.75 GB. You want to store it on a USB drive that holds 2,500 MB. Will it fit?
2.75 GB = 2,750 MB2,750 MB > 2,500 MB → It will not fit.
Answer: No, the movie is too large.
Extension Answers
3. Folder size in megabytes (MB): 3 × 850 KB = 2,550 KB = 2.55 MB2 × 1.5 MB = 3 MB0.002 GB = 2 MBTotal = 2.55 + 3 + 2 = 7.55 MB
Answer: 7.55 MB
4. You have 1 TB of cloud storage. You’ve used 738,500 MB. How much space remains in gigabytes (GB)?
1 TB = 1,000 GB = 1,000,000 MB
Remaining: 1,000,000 − 738,500 = 261,500 MB
261,500 ÷ 1,000 = 261.5 GB
Answer: 261.5 GB
More Questions!
Complete the remaining tasks on your worksheet
Extension 2
5. An audio file is 5,400,000 bits. How many megabytes (MB) is that?
6. A company needs to send 15 GB of data. Their connection can transfer 2,000 kilobits per second (kbps). How many seconds will it take to send all the data?
Task 4
1. A text file is 800,000 bytes in size. How many kilobytes (KB) is that?
Answer: 800 KB
(800,000 ÷ 1,000 = 800)
________________________________________
2. A video file is 2.4 gigabytes (GB). How many megabytes (MB) is that?
Answer: 2,400 MB
(2.4 × 1,000 = 2,400)
________________________________________
3. Total size of all 4 files in megabytes (MB):
• File A: 500 KB = 0.5 MB
• File B: 2 MB
• File C: 1.2 GB = 1,200 MB
• File D: 3,000 bytes = 0.003 MB
Answer: 0.5 + 2 + 1,200 + 0.003 = 1,202.503 MB
4. A USB stick can hold 16 GB. Each photo is 2.5 MB. How many photos?
• 16 GB = 16,000 MB
• 16,000 ÷ 2.5 = 6,400 photos
Answer: 6,400 photos
________________________________________
5. A hard drive has 0.75 TB of data. How many gigabytes (GB)?
Answer: 750 GB
(0.75 × 1,000 = 750)
________________________________________
6. A file is 7,200,000 bits. How many kilobytes (KB)?
• First convert bits to bytes: 7,200,000 ÷ 8 = 900,000 bytes
• Then convert to KB: 900,000 ÷ 1,000 = 900 KB
