Second Form Internal exams Knowledge Organiser 2026
Design and Technology
Second Form Knowledge Organisers
2026
Name________________________
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Design and Technology
Second Form Knowledge Organisers
2026
Name________________________
Second Form Theory Content Check List for Design and Technology 2026
A Design Brief is the statement a client gives to a designer outlining what they want their product to be like, eg 'Design a drinks bottle holder for use while riding a bicycle’.
A Design Specification is a list of criteria a product needs to have. Using the brief as a starting point for research, a specification can be written when more facts are known. Information needs to be found through research to help produce successful design ideas.
If the criteria are measurable, it makes it easier to later, measure how effective the design ideas are, eg 'How much will the design cost to produce?’
Design specifications should include:
Aesthetics
Function
materials
environmental issues
Safety
Cost
Design Requirements
Sketches with Annotation
Sketch ideas need annotation that describes;
materials/ finishes
Sizes
Functions/features
Evaluation
Pillar Drill
TIMBER
Shaping and Forming
Joining
Finishing
Coping saw and Tenon saw
Chisel and Mallet
Computer Aided Design and Manufacture
CAD/CAM: Laser Cutting
Cordless drill driver
Band Facer/sanding machine
A Finish is applied to protect the surface of the material from spills or wear. Varnish can also enhance the appearance.
How to apply clear acrylic varnish:
Sand to remove all marks and blemishes.
Use gradually less abrasive paper to smooth the surface.
Remove all dust from the surface before applying clear acrylic varnish.
Leave to dry before applying a second coat.
Wash brush in water.
Timber can be joined in many different ways.
Traditional wood joints like finger joints, mitre joints and wedged tenon joints are strong when glued with PVA but take time and skill to make.
Joints using Screws can be simpler and quicker to make. This requires a clearance hole drilled in the top part and a pilot hole to be drilled to be drilled in the bottom part to prevent splitting.
Laser Cutting Process
Manufactured boards
CAD : Techsoft 2D design
Computer aided design (CAD)
Computer aided design (CAD) is the use of computer software to design new products in 2D or 3D. This enables businesses to visualise new designs in a variety of materials and send images around the world for collaboration and consultation. Once production is finalised, these designs are sent to computer aided manufacture (CAM) machines to be formed.
Computer aided manufacture (CAM)
Computer aided manufacture (CAM) involves using computers to control machines to undertake the production of goods. By using CAM, designs can be sent to CAM machines such as laser cutters, 3D printers and milling machines.
Examples of PPE
protective gloves and aprons for working with heat
goggles must be worn where there may be dust or splashing
ear protection when using or working around noisy equipment
dust mask when spray painting or sanding wood
Health and Safety
COSHH – stands for control of substances hazardous to Health. These substances must carry warning labels and be stored , used and disposed of correctly.
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Vacuum Forming Process
The former or mould is made of MDF the plastic( polymer) sheet used is called HIPS –High Impact Polystyrene
