Havo 4 - Unit 13: lesson 1 & lesson 2

H4 - Unit 13: Education for Life
Grammar: Reported Speech
Extra: Exam folder 7
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H4 - Unit 13: Education for Life
Grammar: Reported Speech
Extra: Exam folder 7

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

Period 3: Studyplanner (see Magister)

Slide 2 - Tekstslide

Lesson 1: unit 13.1
Speaking
Listening
Word formation & collocations

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

0

Slide 4 - Video

Questions
  1. What is the aim of education according to the video?
  2. On which 2 tasks should school focus?
  3. Which 2 subjects should be taught?
  4. What is the problem with education today?

Slide 5 - Tekstslide

Answers
  1. to prepare pupils for the challenges of life
  2. 2 tasks: working + sustaining good relationships
  3. subjects: capitalism + yourself
  4. the problem is that schools have the wrong curriculum

Do you agree with the video? Why? / Why not? 

Slide 6 - Tekstslide

Working from home on Unit 13.1:
  • You can call classmates in Teams or chat via WhatsApp for exercises 2 & 3. Make sure you note down the answers.
  • Do listening exercises 4 & 5 by yourself. You can use the clip in the Lesson Up. Check your answers.
  • For exercises 5-9, use the slides to support you in finding the right answers. These exercises you must study and know for the test.

  • For all exercises you can ask the teacher's assistance & of course, you can work together with classmates via Teams or WhatsApp (or Discord, whatever strikes your fancy)


Slide 7 - Tekstslide

Speaking
Have a look at the two classrooms.
  • What kinds of education do you have in Britain?
  • To which do the two classrooms belong?
  • In what way are the classrooms in the pictures different from your classrooms?

Slide 8 - Tekstslide

Talk to each other
Ex. 2: Primary school

  • What was its size, location,atmosphere?
  • Is there a teacher you remember well?
  • Was there anything you particularly enjoyed?
  • Was there anyone at school you found really annoying?

Slide 9 - Tekstslide

Now tell somebody else what your partner told you.
Use phrases like:
  • X told me that he/she ...
  • X remembers that he / she
  • Look at p 86 ex. 2 for more phrases
Which tense do you use to report what you heard?

Slide 10 - Tekstslide

Exercise 3
Rewrite the speech into reported speech. The first two lines have been done for you as an example. 
He said that it wasn't Simon's fault. He said he wanted to describe what really had happened.

Can you guess what the rules are with regard to the tenses regarding reported speech? - Now do the exercise

Slide 11 - Tekstslide

Listening
Read the statements. Underline any key (important) words. 
Do exercises 4 & 5 on p 86.
Unit 13: ex. 4

Slide 12 - Tekstslide

Word formation ex. 5
Verb:             to educate
Noun:           education, to educate
Adjective:  educational, educated
Adverb:       educationally

Slide 13 - Tekstslide

Collocations ex. 6 -9
educational qualifications, opportunities, standards
educated person

  • Do ex 7 in pairs (speaking)
  • Do ex 8, then check your answers on next slide


Slide 14 - Tekstslide

Exercise 8
a) Tom Cruise  - last line
b) Paul Gauguin - hobby became career
c) Annie Lennox - London
d) Socrates - to solve the twin mysteries of life and death , wisest man alive
e) Madonna - New York
f) Agatha Christie - knowledge of poison... relevant

Slide 15 - Tekstslide

Exercise 9
  • A. earn/ make a day
  • B. have a talent for, determination
  • C. on leaving school - find employment
  • D. gain experience, spend x years, full time career
  • E. work long hours
  • F. take a position, unpaid assistant, qualify in, duties,, a sound knowledge of, extremely relevant

Slide 16 - Tekstslide

Lesson 2: unit 13.2
Grammar: Reported speech
Listening
Grammar extra
Speaking & word formation

Slide 17 - Tekstslide

Unit 13: Grammar
Reported Speech (talking about what 
other people have said)

Slide 18 - Tekstslide

What is reported speech?
Sometimes someone says a sentence, for example "I'm going to the cinema tonight". 
Later, maybe we want to tell someone else what the first person said. We report what was said. 

We will look at how to do this.

Slide 19 - Tekstslide

Reported speech
Direct speech: the literal, exact words someone says:
  • “I am very angry with you”. 
Often in written text with quotation marks "..."/'...'

Indirect or reported speech: when you tell someone what somebody else said. 
  • He said (that) he was very angry with me. 
No quotation marks in written text.

What changes:  - Tense  (present to past) - Pronouns ( I, we, you)  - Pronouns (here → there, this → that, these → those)  - Adverbials of time (yesterday → the day before, tomorrow→ the following/ next day)  

Slide 20 - Tekstslide

Changing the tense
Direct speech                      Mary: "He tells a lie"   
Reported speech               She said that he told a lie

Present simple        →          Past simple  

So what happens is that when we change the verb tense, we take a step 'back in time', as it were. Have a look →


Slide 21 - Tekstslide

Tense changes
Mary: "He is telling a lie"                              She said that he was telling a lie 
Present continuous       →                          Past continuous
Mary: "He has told a lie                                She said that he had told a lie 
Present perfect               →                           Past perfect   
Mary: "He told a lie"                                       She said that he had told a lie 
Past simple                       →                           Past perfect 
Mary: "He was telling a lie"                        She said that he had been telling a lie 
Past continuous             →                           Past perfect continuous  
Mary: "He had told a lie"                              She said that he had told a lie 
Past perfect                     →                            Past perfect  

Slide 22 - Tekstslide

Mary: "He will tell a lie"                           She said that he would tell a lie 
Will                                              →                would 
Mary: "He can tell a lie"                          She said that he could tell a lie 
Can                                             →                could 
Mary: "He should tell a lie"                   She said that he should tell a lie 
Should                                       →               should / should have + past participle   

When something is reported that is a general truth, there is often no tense change
Teacher: “Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."
The teacher said that water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.  

Slide 23 - Tekstslide

Slide 24 - Tekstslide

There are different reporting verbs, which can take the following structures:
Accuse + of + -ing 
Mike: “You stole the bag”                →          He accused her of stealing the bag 

Admit + (to) + -ing / Admit + (that) 
Mike:“I lost the key”                          →           He admitted that he had lost the key  He admitted (to) losing the key 

Apologise + for + -ing 
Mike: “I am sorry that I am late”   →           He apologized for being late  

Argue + for + -ing / argue (that) 
Mike: “It is unnecessary to change anything”      →         He argued that it was unnecessary to change anything  

Claim + (that)
Jane: “He is a coward”        →             Jane claimed that he was a coward. 

Slide 25 - Tekstslide

Deny + (that) / deny + -ing
 John: “I don’t break any rules”       →       John denied that he broke any rules / John denied breaking any rules.  

Explain + (that) 
The mechanic: “There aren’t any problems anymore”    →     The mechanic explained (that) there weren’t any problems anymore. 

Insist + on+ -ing / insist+ (that) 
“I want to finish this first”        →              I insisted on finishing that first. / I insisted (that) I finished that first.  

Promise + (that) / promise+ to + infinitive
Dad: “I will pick you up”       →            Dad promised (that) he would pick me up. / Dad promised to pick me up. 

Refuse + to + infinitive
The boy: “I don’t want to throw the rubbish in the bin”         →         The boy refused to throw the rubbish in the bin. 

Slide 26 - Tekstslide

Say + (that) 
The fireman: “The fire started in the bakery".”        →      He said that the fire had started in the bakery. 

Suggest + (that) / suggest + -ing
“Let’s drive more slowly."    →       The man suggested (that) we drove more slowly. / The man suggested driving more slowly.

Urge + to + infinitive
Hugh: “Don’t worry.”          →         Hugh urged them not to worry.

Warn + (that) / warn = to + infinitive
Mum: “Santa will not come if you are naughty.”       →        Mum warned us that Santa wouldn’t come if we were naughty. / Mum warned us not to be naughty or Santa wouldn’t come.
Passive: is said + to + infinitive
- “The book contains several flashbacks"
- The book is said to contain several flashback.  

Slide 27 - Tekstslide

Turn into reported speech
  1. John: “She is having a dentist’s appointment tomorrow”. 
  2. Mr X: “ You should finish the job this week”. 
  3. Emma: “I have never been so embarrassed”. 
  4. Tom: “When were we supposed to call our boss?” 
  5. Mum: “ My children were at home” 
  6. I: “ I cannot do my homework”. 
  7. Teacher: “ You must open your books and copy these sentences”. 
  8. Guy: “ I loved going to America”    

Slide 28 - Tekstslide

Answers
  1. John said that she was having a dentist’s appointment the following day. 
  2. Mr X said that I/we should have finished/ should finish the job that week. 
  3. Emma said that she had never been so embarrassed. 
  4. Tom asked when they had been supposed to call their boss. 
  5. Mum said that her children had been at home. 
  6. I said that I couldn’t do my homework. 
  7. The teacher said that we had to open our books and copy those sentences
  8. Guy said that he had loved going to America.  

Slide 29 - Tekstslide

Change into reporting speech using the given reporting verb
  1. Tom: “Gerry cheats at tests.” (accuse
  2. Jerry: “you must replace A by B” (explain
  3. Joe: “ I do not know anything” (deny
  4. Mary: “I will help you” (promise
  5. Christa: “You could work harder” ( suggest
  6. We: “ stop cheating at tests” (warn
  7. The reporter: “Mr Johnston has been arrested for murder” ( claim
  8. Mum: “You must eat all your spinach” (urge)    

Slide 30 - Tekstslide

Answers
  1. Tom accused Gerry of cheating at tests. 
  2. Jerry explained that I had to replace A by B. 
  3. Joe denied knowing anything / Joe denied that he knew anything 
  4. Mary promised to help me / Mary promised (me) that she would help me. 
  5. Christa suggested working harder / Christa suggested that we could work harder 
  6. We warned you that you must stop cheating at tests.  / We warned you to stop cheating at tests. 
  7. The reporter claimed that Mr Johnson had been arrested for murder  
  8. Mum urged us to eat all our spinach.  

Slide 31 - Tekstslide

Reported speech
Still having some problems with understanding how this works? Have a look at the videos!

Slide 32 - Tekstslide

Working from home on Unit 13.2:
  • Do exercises 1-3 about Reported Speech. You can work together of course.
  • Do listening exercises 4 & 5 by yourself. You can use the clip in the Lesson Up. 
  • Do listening exercises 6 & 7 + Grammar Extra by yourself. You can use the clip in the Lesson Up. 
  • You can call classmates in Teams or chat via WhatsApp for exercise 8. Make sure you note down the answers.
  • Skip ex. 9 and do ex. 10. Take your time for this one and use the slide to help you along.

  • For all exercises you can ask the teacher's assistance & of course, you can work together with classmates via Teams or WhatsApp (or Discord, whatever strikes your fancy)


Slide 33 - Tekstslide

Listening ex. 4 & 5
Do exercises 4 and 5 of 13.2. Use the clip here to find your answers.
Unit 13.2: ex 4

Slide 34 - Tekstslide

Listening ex. 6 & 7
Do exercise 6 & 7
These exercises help you to listen carefully for information.



Now do grammar extra.  Read the examples first!
Unit 13.2: ex 6

Slide 35 - Tekstslide

Do ex. 8: Group discussion
timer
1:00

Slide 36 - Tekstslide

Now do ex 10
"You put that frog on my chair, didn't you, Charlie?" said Sally.
OF
Sally  accused Charlie of putting a frog on her chair.

Now do sentences 2 - 6 by using the reporting verbs and other constructions for reported speech.

Slide 37 - Tekstslide